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Human brain in the coronal orientation. Amygdalae are shown in dark red. The amygdala (/ ə ˈ m ɪ ɡ d ə l ə /; pl.: amygdalae / ə ˈ m ɪ ɡ d ə l i,-l aɪ / or amygdalas; also corpus amygdaloideum; Latin from Greek, ἀμυγδαλή, amygdalē, 'almond', 'tonsil' [1]) is a paired nuclear complex present in the cerebral hemispheres of vertebrates.
Hippocampus. The hippocampus. The hippocampus is a structure in the brain that has been associated with various memory functions. It is part of the limbic system, and lies next to the medial temporal lobe. It is made up of two structures, the Ammon's Horn, and the Dentate gyrus, each containing different types of cells.
Engram (neuropsychology) An engram is a unit of cognitive information imprinted in a physical substance, theorized to be the means by which memories are stored [1] as biophysical or biochemical [2] changes in the brain or other biological tissue, in response to external stimuli. Demonstrating the existence of, and the exact mechanism and ...
Effects of stress on memory. The effects of stress on memory include interference with a person's capacity to encode memory and the ability to retrieve information. [1][2] Stimuli, like stress, improved memory when it was related to learning the subject. [3] During times of stress, the body reacts by secreting stress hormones into the bloodstream.
The central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA or aCeN) is a nucleus within the amygdala. [1][2] It "serves as the major output nucleus of the amygdala and participates in receiving and processing pain information." [3][4][5][6] CeA "connects with brainstem areas that control the expression of innate behaviors and associated physiological responses."
Amygdalofugal pathway. The amygdalofugal pathway (Latin for "fleeing from the amygdala" and commonly distinguished as the ventral amygdalofugal pathway) is one of the three major efferent pathways of the amygdala, meaning that it is one of the three principal pathways by which fibers leave the amygdala. It leads from the basolateral nucleus and ...
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy. [edit on Wikidata] The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is a part of the prefrontal cortex in the mammalian brain. The ventral medial prefrontal is located in the frontal lobe at the bottom of the cerebral hemispheres and is implicated in the processing of risk and fear, as it is critical in the ...
The activity in the amygdala is part of the episodic memory that was being created due to the adverse stimuli. [10] Most recently, an intracranial EEG study found that the amygdala triggered more pronounced hippocampal sharp-wave ripples after the encoding of more arousing experiences, which are believed to play a critical role in memory ...