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  2. Seedling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seedling

    A seedling is a young sporophyte developing out of a plant embryo from a seed. Seedling development starts with germination of the seed. A typical young seedling consists of three main parts: the radicle (embryonic root), the hypocotyl (embryonic shoot), and the cotyledons (seed leaves). The two classes of flowering plants (angiosperms) are ...

  3. Grow light - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grow_light

    Ficus plant grown under a white LED grow light. A grow light is an electric light that can help plants grow. Grow lights either attempt to provide a light spectrum similar to that of the sun, or to provide a spectrum that is more tailored to the needs of the plants being cultivated (typically a varying combination of red and blue light, which generally appears pink to purple to the human eye).

  4. Heliotropism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliotropism

    Heliotropism, a form of tropism, is the diurnal or seasonal motion of plant parts (flowers or leaves) in response to the direction of the Sun. The habit of some plants to move in the direction of the Sun, a form of tropism, was already known by the Ancient Greeks. They named one of those plants after that property Heliotropium, meaning "sun turn".

  5. Tropism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropism

    Tropisms are usually named for the stimulus involved; for example, a phototropism is a movement to the light source, and an anemotropism is the response and adaptation of plants to the wind. [2] Tropisms occur in three sequential steps. First, there is a sensation to a stimulus. Next, signal transduction occurs. And finally, the directional ...

  6. Gravitropism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitropism

    Gravitropism (also known as geotropism) is a coordinated process of differential growth by a plant in response to gravity pulling on it. It also occurs in fungi. Gravity can be either "artificial gravity" or natural gravity. It is a general feature of all higher and many lower plants as well as other organisms.

  7. Photomorphogenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photomorphogenesis

    Light has profound effects on the development of plants. The most striking effects of light are observed when a germinating seedling emerges from the soil and is exposed to light for the first time. Normally the seedling radicle (root) emerges first from the seed, and the shoot appears as the root becomes established. Later, with growth of the ...

  8. Germination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germination

    Germination is the process by which an organism grows from a seed or spore. The term is applied to the sprouting of a seedling from a seed of an angiosperm or gymnosperm, the growth of a sporeling from a spore, such as the spores of fungi, ferns, bacteria, and the growth of the pollen tube from the pollen grain of a seed plant.

  9. Etiolation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiolation

    Etiolation / iːtiəˈleɪʃən / is a process in flowering plants grown in partial or complete absence of light. [1] It is characterized by long, weak stems; smaller leaves due to longer internodes; and a pale yellow color (chlorosis). The development of seedlings in the dark is known as "skotomorphogenesis" and leads to etiolated seedlings.