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Aldol condensation. An aldol condensation is a condensation reaction in organic chemistry in which two carbonyl moieties (of aldehydes or ketones) react to form a β-hydroxyaldehyde or β-hydroxyketone (an aldol reaction), and this is then followed by dehydration to give a conjugated enone. The overall reaction equation is as follows (where the ...
The aldol reaction (aldol addition) is a reaction in organic chemistry that combines two carbonyl compounds (e.g. aldehydes or ketones) to form a new β-hydroxy carbonyl compound. Its simplest form might involve the nucleophilic addition of an enolized ketone to another: These products are known as aldols, from the ald ehyde + alcoh ol, a ...
The Hajos–Parrish–Eder–Sauer–Wiechert and Barbas-List [1] reactions in organic chemistry are a family of proline-catalysed asymmetric aldol reactions.. In the 1970s, two research groups discovered (and published) almost simultaneously their discoveries of two related intramolecular reactions: Zoltan Hajos and David Parrish at Hoffmann-La Roche [2] [3] and Rudolf Wiechert et al at ...
General aldol structure showing the α and 𝛽 positions of carbons relative to the carbonyl. When R" is -H, it is an aldol, when R" is a carbon, it is a ketol. In organic chemistry, an aldol is a structure consisting of a hydroxy group (-OH) two carbons away from either an aldehyde or a ketone. The name combines the suffix 'ol' from the ...
In organic chemistry, the Mukaiyama aldol addition is an organic reaction and a type of aldol reaction between a silyl enol ether (R2C=CR−O−Si (CH3)3) and an aldehyde (R−CH=O) or formate (R−O−CH=O). [1] The reaction was discovered by Teruaki Mukaiyama in 1973. [2] His choice of reactants allows for a crossed aldol reaction between an ...
Cooling bath. A typical experimental setup for an aldol reaction. Both flasks are submerged in a dry ice/acetone cooling bath (−78 °C) the temperature of which is being monitored by a thermocouple (the wire on the left). A cooling bath or ice bath, in laboratory chemistry practice, is a liquid mixture which is used to maintain low ...
In acid catalysis and base catalysis, a chemical reaction is catalyzed by an acid or a base. By Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory, the acid is the proton (hydrogen ion, H +) donor and the base is the proton acceptor. Typical reactions catalyzed by proton transfer are esterifications and aldol reactions.
Henry reaction. The Henry reaction is a classic carbon–carbon bond formation reaction in organic chemistry. Discovered in 1895 by the Belgian chemist Louis Henry (1834–1913), it is the combination of a nitroalkane and an aldehyde or ketone in the presence of a base to form β-nitro alcohols. [1][2][3] This type of reaction is also referred ...