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.22 caliber, or 5.6 mm, refers to a common firearms bore diameter of 0.22 inch (5.6 mm) in both rimfire and centerfire cartridges. Cartridges in this caliber include the very widely used .22 Long Rifle and .223 Remington/5.56×45mm NATO. .22 inch is also a popular air gun pellet caliber, second only to the ubiquitous .177 caliber.
The .22 long rifle, also known as the .22 LR or 5.7×15mmR, [4] [5] is a long-established variety of .22 caliber rimfire ammunition originating from the United States. It is used in a wide range of firearms including rifles , pistols , revolvers , and submachine guns .
The most common rimfire cartridges are chambered for .17 caliber and .22 caliber. The bullet diameter for .17 caliber firearms generally measure .172 inch (4.37 mm), while the bullet diameter for .22 caliber firearms generally measure .222 inch (5.64 mm).
The CCI .22 CB Short and .22 CB Long use the same 29-grain bullet as the regular .22 Short and .22 Long. The CCI CB rounds have muzzle velocities of 720 feet per second (ft/s) for an impact energy of 33 foot/pounds (ft-lb). The standard .22 Short and .22 Long fire the same bullet weight at 1,045 ft/s for 70 ft-lb.
This led to the .22 Long in 1871, with the same bullet weight as the short but with a longer case and 5 gr (0.32 g) of black powder. This was followed by the .22 Extra Long in 1880, with a longer case and heavier bullet than the .22 Long.
Using the same 40 gr (2.6 g) outside-lubricated bullet later adapted for the much more common .22 long rifle, [2] the extra long was loaded with 6 gr (389 mg) of black powder. [2] Originally, it slightly outperformed the .22 LR, but was "not noted for great accuracy", [2] while later smokeless loads achieved about the same muzzle velocity as ...
Introduced in the Winchester M1890 slide rifle, it had a flat-nose slug, and is identical to the .22 Remington Special (which differed only in having a roundnosed slug). [2] It uses a flat-based, inside-lubricated bullet, which differs from the outside-lube heeled bullet of the .22 Short, .22 Long, .22 Long Rifle, and .22 Extra Long cartridges.
.22 short is a variety of .22 caliber rimfire ammunition. Developed in 1857 for the first Smith & Wesson revolver , the .22 rimfire was the first American metallic cartridge. [ 1 ] The original loading was a 29 or 30 gr (0.066 or 0.069 oz ; 1.879 or 1.944 g ) bullet and 4 gr (0.0091 oz ; 0.2592 g ) of black powder .