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For acid–base reactions, the equivalent weight of an acid or base is the mass which supplies or reacts with one mole of hydrogen cations (H +). For redox reactions, the equivalent weight of each reactant supplies or reacts with one mole of electrons (e −) in a redox reaction. [3]
An equivalent (symbol: officially equiv; [1] unofficially but often Eq [2]) is the amount of a substance that reacts with (or is equivalent to) an arbitrary amount (typically one mole) of another substance in a given chemical reaction. It is an archaic quantity that was used in chemistry and the biological sciences (see Equivalent weight § In ...
A teaspoonful has been considered equal to one fluid dram for medical prescriptions. [19] However, by 1876 the teaspoon had grown considerably larger than it was previously, measuring 80–85 minims. [20] As there are 60 minims in a fluid dram, [5]: C-5, C-7 using this equivalent for the dosage of medicine was no longer suitable. [20]
The relative activity of a species i, denoted a i, is defined [4] [5] as: = where μ i is the (molar) chemical potential of the species i under the conditions of interest, μ o i is the (molar) chemical potential of that species under some defined set of standard conditions, R is the gas constant, T is the thermodynamic temperature and e is the exponential constant.
For example, an 11.0% by mass D-Glucose ("grape sugar") solution measured 10.9 °Bx using a hand held instrument. [ citation needed ] For these reasons, the sugar content of a solution obtained by use of refractometry with the ICUMSA table is often reported as "Refractometric Dry Substance" (RDS), [ 9 ] which could be thought of as an ...
If the relative density is exactly 1 then the densities are equal; that is, equal volumes of the two substances have the same mass. If the reference material is water, then a substance with a relative density (or specific gravity) less than 1 will float in water. For example, an ice cube, with a relative density of about 0.91, will float.
The specific weight, also known as the unit weight (symbol γ, the Greek letter gamma), is a volume-specific quantity defined as the weight W divided by the volume V of a material: = / Equivalently, it may also be formulated as the product of density, ρ, and gravity acceleration, g: = Its unit of measurement in the International System of Units (SI) is newton per cubic metre (N/m 3), with ...
The reason for this is that the pressure difference across a fluid interface ... are by mass dyn/cm is equivalent to the SI units ... acid (10.0%) + Water: 30: 54.56 ...