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In machine-shop terminology, the complete digital read-out system (consisting of a computer, axis-position encoders, and a numeric display) is referred to by the acronym DRO. Such a system is commonly fitted to machines in today's shops, especially for metal working — lathes, cylindrical grinders, milling machines, surface grinders, boring ...
A linear encoder is a sensor, transducer or readhead paired with a scale that encodes position. The sensor reads the scale in order to convert the encoded position into an analog or digital signal, which can then be decoded into position by a digital readout (DRO) or motion controller. The encoder can be either incremental or absolute.
The left height gauge has the vernier scale, while the right one is an electronic height gauge with a digital readout. A height gauge is a measuring device used for determining the height of objects, and for marking of items to be worked on.
The superficial Rockwell scales use lower loads and shallower impressions on brittle and very thin materials. The 45N scale employs a 45-kgf load on a diamond cone-shaped Brale indenter, and can be used on dense ceramics. The 15T scale employs a 15-kgf load on a 1 ⁄ 16-inch-diameter (1.588 mm) hardened steel ball, and can be used on sheet metal.
Many digital calipers contain a capacitive linear encoder. Inexpensive Chinese models have 56 narrow emitter plates and one long receiver plate etched on the sliding display's printed circuit board, which intersect with a repeating pattern of T-shaped plates in the longer "stator" board. The top of the "T" plates intersect with the receiver ...
Analog multimeter Digital multimeter. A multimeter (also known as a volt-ohm-milliammeter, volt-ohmmeter or VOM) [1] is a measuring instrument that can measure multiple electrical properties. [2] [3] A typical multimeter can measure voltage, resistance, and current, [4] in which case can be used as a voltmeter, ohmmeter, and ammeter.
A traveling-nut linear actuator has a motor that stays attached to one end of the lead screw (perhaps indirectly through a gear box), the motor spins the lead screw, and the lead nut is restrained from spinning so it travels up and down the lead screw. A traveling-screw linear actuator has a lead screw that passes entirely through the motor.
The thermal conductivity and heat capacity of the gas affects the readout from the meter, and therefore the apparatus may need calibrating before accurate readings are obtainable. For lower pressure measurement, the thermal conductivity of the gas becomes increasingly smaller and more difficult to measure accurately, and other instruments such ...