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Device Dependent X (DDX), another 2D graphics device driver for X.Org Server; The DRM is kernel-specific. A VESA driver is generally available for any operating system. The VESA driver supports most graphics cards without acceleration and at display resolutions limited to a set programmed in the Video BIOS by the manufacturer. [15]
HP EliteBook is a line of business-oriented laptop computers made by Hewlett-Packard (), [1] marketed as a high-end line positioned above the ProBook series. [2] The line was introduced in August 2008 [3] [4] as a replacement of the HP Compaq line of business laptops, and initially included mobile workstations until September 2013, when they were rebranded as HP ZBook.
The price of graphics hardware varies with its power and speed. Most high-end gaming hardware are dedicated graphics cards that cost from $200 up to the price of a new computer. In the graphics cards department, using integrated chips is much cheaper than buying a dedicated card, however the performance conforms to the price.
Following HP's acquisition of Compaq in 2002, this series of notebooks was discontinued, replaced with the HP Pavilion, HP Compaq, and Compaq Presario notebooks. The OmniBook name would later be repurposed for a line of consumer-oriented notebooks in 2024, made to complement (and supersede) the Pavilion and Spectre series of notebooks.
If a WDDM driver hangs or encounters a fault, the graphics stack will restart the driver. [2] [9] A graphics hardware fault will be intercepted and if necessary the driver will be reset. Drivers under Windows XP were free to deal with hardware faults as they saw fit either by reporting it to the user or by attempting to recover silently.
The modern DE-15 connector can carry Display Data Channel to allow the monitor to communicate with the graphics card, and optionally vice versa. [1] Being replaced by DVI from 1999 onward. DB13W3: Analog computer video, color and monochrome. Sun Microsystems, Silicon Graphics, IBM RISC, Intergraph and some Apple Computer computer workstations.
Graphics Launch Market Chipset Code name Device ID [3] RAMDAC clock Pixel pipelines Shader model (vertex/pixel) API support Memory bandwidth DVMT Hardware acceleration Direct3D OpenGL OpenCL MPEG-2 VC-1 AVC; i740 1998 Desktop stand-alone Auburn 7800 220 1 3.0 (SW) / No 5.0 1.1 No 0.8 2–8 Optional external MPEG-2 decoder via Video Module Interface
The display driver may itself be an application-specific microcontroller and may incorporate RAM, Flash memory, EEPROM and/or ROM. Fixed ROM may contain firmware and display fonts. A notable example of a display driver IC is the Hitachi HD44780 LCD controller. Other controllers are KS0108, SSD1815 (graphics capable) and ST7920 (graphics capable)