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Before the German-Soviet invasion of 1939, Kraków was an influential centre for the 60,000–80,000 Polish Jews who had lived there since the 13th century. [2] Persecution of the Jewish population of Kraków began immediately after the German troops entered the city on 6 September 1939 in the course of the German aggression against Poland.
In Jewish history this dramatic event is known as the ‘Gzeyres Takh Vetat’ massacre. Jewish life quickly restored after the revolt although the trust in a stable and secure existence for Jews in Kraków was lost. [citation needed] Even after the events of 1648-1649 the city remained a Jewish center until the Holocaust.
Graves of Polish Jews among the fallen soldiers of the Polish Defensive War of 1939; Powązki Cemetery, Warsaw. Mordechai Anielewicz, leader of Jewish Combat Organization in World War II; Chajka, mistress of Polish king Stanisław August Poniatowski; Morris Cohen, aide to Chinese leader Sun Yat-sen
Right after World War II a mikvah (ritual bath) was built at the side of the Tempel Synagogue, as the Remah Synagogue's mikvah was no longer able to serve. The mikvah at the Tempel Synagogue is for men only. On Józefa Street, there is the Kowea Itim le-Tora House of Prayer established in 1810. It was once owned by the Society for the Study of ...
The Kraków pogrom was the first anti-Jewish riot in post World War II Poland, [1] that took place on 11 August 1945 in the Soviet-occupied city of Kraków, Poland.The incident was part of anti-Jewish violence in Poland towards and after the end of World War II.
Unpaved street in the Frysztak Ghetto. Ghettos were established by Nazi Germany in hundreds of locations across occupied Poland after the German invasion of Poland. [1] [2] [3] Most ghettos were established between October 1939 and July 1942 in order to confine and segregate Poland's Jewish population of about 3.5 million for the purpose of persecution, terror, and exploitation.
Population of Jews before World War II in Galicia (Lviv 76,854, Kraków 45,229) Soshana – collector of Worlds. The exhibition presented paintings by Soshana (born 1927 in Vienna), an Austrian artist of Jewish descent, whose output received international acclaim. This was the first exposition of her works in Poland.
The 17th-century former synagogue is located in a neighborhood earmarked in 1495 by King John I Albert for the Jewish community, that was transferred from the budding Old Town. Devastated by Nazis during World War II, the former synagogue was used for profane purposes until 1991; and has subsequently operated as a Jewish museum since 1996. [2]