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Macrophages are the predominant cells involved in creating the progressive plaque lesions of atherosclerosis. [89] Focal recruitment of macrophages occurs after the onset of acute myocardial infarction. These macrophages function to remove debris, apoptotic cells and to prepare for tissue regeneration. [90]
Phagocytosis (from Ancient Greek φαγεῖν (phagein) 'to eat' and κύτος (kytos) 'cell') is the process by which a cell uses its plasma membrane to engulf a large particle (≥ 0.5 μm), giving rise to an internal compartment called the phagosome. It is one type of endocytosis. A cell that performs phagocytosis is called a phagocyte.
In cell biology, efferocytosis (from efferre, Latin for 'to carry out' [1] (to the grave), extended meaning 'to bury') is the process by which apoptotic cells are removed by phagocytic cells. It can be regarded as the 'burying of dead cells'. [2] [3]
Dendritic cells and macrophages are not so fast, and phagocytosis can take many hours in these cells. Macrophages are slow and untidy eaters; they engulf huge quantities of material and frequently release some undigested back into the tissues. This debris serves as a signal to recruit more phagocytes from the blood. [27]
Cell death in organisms is necessary for the normal development of cells and the cell cycle maturation. [108] It is also important in maintaining the regular functions and activities of cells. Viruses can trigger apoptosis of infected cells via a range of mechanisms including: Receptor binding; Activation of protein kinase R (PKR) Interaction ...
In cell biology, a phagosome is a vesicle formed around a particle engulfed by a phagocyte via phagocytosis. Professional phagocytes include macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells (DCs). [1] A phagosome is formed by the fusion of the cell membrane around a microorganism, a senescent cell or an apoptotic cell.
During the years that followed after Aschoff had originated the concept of RES, research on macrophages and their role as phagocytes steadily increased, and in 1960 the concept of the mononuclear phagocyte system was proposed to denote all cells identified as macrophages. The cells of MPS, by way of their common functional signature as ...
A tingible body macrophage (TBM) is a type of macrophage predominantly found in germinal centers of lymph nodes. They contain many phagocytized, apoptotic cells in various states of degradation, referred to as tingible bodies (tingible meaning stainable). [2] Tingible body macrophages contain condensed chromatin fragments. [3]