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  2. A-weighting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A-weighting

    A graph of the A-, B-, C- and D-weightings across the frequency range 10 Hz – 20 kHz Video illustrating A-weighting by analyzing a sine sweep (contains audio). A-weighting is a form of frequency weighting and the most commonly used of a family of curves defined in the International standard IEC 61672:2003 and various national standards relating to the measurement of sound pressure level. [1]

  3. Loudness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loudness

    A complete model of the perception of loudness will include the integration of SPL by frequency. [5] Historically, loudness was measured using an ear-balancing method with an audiometer in which the amplitude of a sine wave was adjusted by the user to equal the perceived loudness of the sound being evaluated. [6]

  4. Absolute threshold of hearing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_threshold_of_hearing

    Auditory sensitivity changes when the duration of a sound becomes less than 1 second. The threshold intensity decreases by about 10 dB when the duration of a tone burst is increased from 20 to 200 ms. For example, suppose that the quietest sound a subject can hear is 16 dB SPL if the sound is presented at a duration of 200 ms.

  5. Sound exposure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_exposure

    The commonly used reference sound exposure in air is [2] E 0 = 400 μ P a 2 ⋅ s . {\displaystyle E_{0}=400~\mathrm {\mu Pa^{2}\cdot s} .} The proper notations for sound exposure level using this reference are L W /(400 μPa 2 ⋅s) or L W (re 400 μPa 2 ⋅s) , but the notations dB SEL , dB(SEL) , dBSEL, or dB SEL are very common, even if ...

  6. Psychoacoustics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychoacoustics

    Psychoacoustics is the branch of psychophysics involving the scientific study of the perception of sound by the human auditory system.It is the branch of science studying the psychological responses associated with sound including noise, speech, and music.

  7. Decibel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decibel

    The decibel originates from methods used to quantify signal loss in telegraph and telephone circuits. Until the mid-1920s, the unit for loss was miles of standard cable (MSC). 1 MSC corresponded to the loss of power over one mile (approximately 1.6 km) of standard telephone cable at a frequency of 5000 radians per second (795.8 Hz), and matched closely the smallest attenuation detectable to a ...

  8. Equal-loudness contour - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equal-loudness_contour

    The first research on the topic of how the ear hears different frequencies at different levels was conducted by Fletcher and Munson in 1933. Until recently, it was common to see the term Fletcher–Munson used to refer to equal-loudness contours generally, even though a re-determination was carried out by Robinson and Dadson in 1956, which became the basis for an ISO 226 standard.

  9. Phon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phon

    Equal-loudness contours. The phon is a logarithmic unit of loudness level for tones and complex sounds. Loudness is measured in sones, a linear unit.Human sensitivity to sound is variable across different frequencies; therefore, although two different tones may present an identical sound pressure to a human ear, they may be psychoacoustically perceived as differing in loudness.