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Air pollution causes significant health and economic problems in the Philippines. [21] An estimated 66,000 deaths annually have been directly linked to air pollution. [22] The Department of Environment and Natural Resources is tasked with implementing the Clean Air Act of 1999 to monitor and prevent air pollution in the country. [23]
The six criteria air pollutants were the first set of pollutants recognized by the United States Environmental Protection Agency as needing standards on a national level. [5] The Clean Air Act requires the EPA to set US National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for the six CAPs. [6]
Section 202(a)(1) of the Clean Air Act requires the Administrator of the EPA to establish standards "applicable to the emission of any air pollutant from…new motor vehicles or new motor vehicle engines, which in [her] judgment cause, or contribute to, air pollution which may reasonably be anticipated to endanger public health or welfare" (emphasis added). [3]
The Clean Air Act 1968 [29] introduced the use of tall chimneys to disperse air pollution for industries burning coal, liquid or gaseous fuels. [30] The Clean Air Act was updated in 1993. [31] The biggest domestic impact comes from Part III, Smoke Control Areas, which are designated by local authorities and can vary by street in large towns.
The criteria pollutants and their respective limits are defined in the National Ambient Air Quality Standards, which were a part of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1970 (P.L. 91-604, Sec. 109). The EPA has regulated each criteria pollutant through two different standards, primary and secondary. [ 2 ]
The index aims to help the public easily understand the air quality and protect people's health. The CAI is on a scale from 0 to 500, which is divided into six categories. The higher the CAI value, the greater the level of air pollution. Of values of the five air pollutants, the highest is the CAI value.
Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990; Philippine Mining Act of 1995; Animal Welfare Act of 1998; Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998; Clean Air Act of 1999; Philippine Ecological Waste and Solid Management Act of 2000; Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act of 2001; Chain Saw Act of 2002
New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) are pollution control standards issued by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The term is used in the Clean Air Act Extension of 1970 (CAA) to refer to air pollution emission standards, and in the Clean Water Act (CWA) referring to standards for water pollution discharges of industrial wastewater to surface waters.