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Nausea and vomiting are two of the most feared cancer treatment-related side effects for cancer patients and their families. In 1983, Coates et al. found that patients receiving chemotherapy ranked nausea and vomiting as the first and second most severe side effects, respectively. Up to 20% of patients receiving highly emetogenic agents in this ...
Chemoreceptor trigger zone. The chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) is an area of the medulla oblongata that receives inputs from blood -borne drugs or hormones, and communicates with other structures in the vomiting center to initiate vomiting. The CTZ is located within the area postrema, which is on the floor of the fourth ventricle and is ...
Anesthesia. Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is the phenomenon of nausea, vomiting, or retching experienced by a patient in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) or within 24 hours following a surgical procedure. PONV affects about 10% of the population undergoing general anaesthesia each year. PONV can be unpleasant and lead to a delay ...
Cancer and nausea. A painting from 1681 depicting a person affected by nausea and vomiting. Cancer and nausea are associated in about fifty percent of people affected by cancer. [1] This may be as a result of the cancer itself, or as an effect of the treatment such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or other medication such as opiates used for ...
ABVD is a chemotherapy regimen used in the first-line treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma, replacing the older MOPP protocol. It consists of concurrent treatment with the chemotherapy drugs: Adriamycin (also known as doxorubicin / hydroxydaunorubicin, designated as H in CHOP) Bleomycin. Vinblastine.
Palonosetron, sold under the brand name Aloxi, is a medication used for the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). [2][4][5] It is a 5-HT 3 antagonist. [2][4][5] Palonosetron is administered intravenously, [6] or as a single oral capsule. [7] It has a longer duration of action than other 5-HT 3 antagonists ...
1. receptor antagonist. Neurokinin 1 (NK1) antagonists (-pitants) are a novel class of medications that possesses unique antidepressant, [1][2] anxiolytic, [3] and antiemetic properties. NK-1 antagonists boost the efficacy of 5-HT3 antagonists to prevent nausea and vomiting. The discovery of neurokinin 1 (NK 1) receptor antagonists was a ...
Ondansetron, sold under the brand name Zofran among others, is a medication used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy, radiation therapy, migraines or surgery. [8] It is also effective for treating gastroenteritis. [9][10] It can be given orally (by mouth), intramuscularly (injection into a muscle), or intravenously ...