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Bulgarian campaigns during World War I, borders including occupied territories A German postcard commemorating the entry of Bulgaria into the war.. The Kingdom of Bulgaria participated in World War I on the side of the Central Powers from 14 October 1915, when the country declared war on Serbia, until 30 September 1918, when the Armistice of Salonica came into effect.
In August 1914, nearly a month after the war broke out, the Bulgarian Prime Minister Vasil Radoslavov declared that Bulgaria would remain neutral. That, however, was only temporary as the Bulgarian government expected an opportune moment and favorable terms to enter the war and regain its lands. On 19 August, it signed an alliance with Turkey.
Bulgaria's traditional aims lay in the Bulgarian-inhabited areas of Macedonia, Dobrudja, and European Turkey, but in 1915 it demanded territory well beyond its ethnographic borders. [9] On 6 September 1915, the Bulgarian government joined the Central Powers after signing a secret treaty of alliance with Germany.
Bulgaria was the last country to join the Central Powers, which it did in October 1915 by declaring war on Serbia. [32] It invaded Serbia in conjunction with German and Austro-Hungarian forces. [47] Bulgaria held claims on the region of Vardar Macedonia then held by Serbia following the Balkan Wars of 1912–1913 and the Treaty of Bucharest ...
The overall internal situation of Bulgaria following the two Balkan Wars remained greatly strained. The acquisition of around 18,000 km 2 of new land with its over 400,000 inhabitants failed to compensate for the loss of Southern Dobrudja, one of the country's most fertile regions; the approximately 176,000 casualties; and enormous financial costs. [1]
The United Kingdom declares war on Bulgaria. [24] [53] Politics: Montenegro declares war on Bulgaria. [24] October 16 Politics: France declares war on Bulgaria. [24] October 17 – November 21 Balkan, Macedonian: Battle of Krivolak, first of the Salonika front. October 18 – November 4 Italian: Third Battle of the Isonzo: October 19 Politics
Dissatisfied with gains from the First Balkan War, Bulgaria attacked former allies Serbia and Greece; Attacks repulsed by Greece and Serbia, whose armies enter Bulgaria; Romanian and Ottoman intervention forced Bulgaria to ask for armistice; Bulgarian territorial cessations in Treaty of Bucharest and Treaty of Constantinople; World War I (1914 ...
The Ottoman–Bulgarian alliance was probably a prerequisite for Bulgaria's joining the Central Powers after Turkey entered the war in November. [3] The treaty of alliance had seven articles. [4] It was a purely defensive pact: it obligated a signatory to go to war only if the other was attacked by another Balkan country. [5]