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In aphasia (sometimes called dysphasia), [a] a person may be unable to comprehend or unable to formulate language because of damage to specific brain regions. [2] The major causes are stroke and head trauma; prevalence is hard to determine, but aphasia due to stroke is estimated to be 0.1–0.4% in the Global North. [3]
The most common cause of expressive aphasia is stroke. A stroke is caused by hypoperfusion (lack of oxygen) to an area of the brain, which is commonly caused by thrombosis or embolism. Some form of aphasia occurs in 34 to 38% of stroke patients. [23] Expressive aphasia occurs in approximately 12% of new cases of aphasia caused by stroke. [24]
With a hemorrhagic stroke, the patient often shows little improvement in the first few weeks and then has relatively rapid recovery until they stabilize. [1] In a study involving eight patients with border zone lesions, all patients presented with transcortical mixed aphasia initially after the stroke.
Dr. Billakota says that if aphasia is sudden, it may be due to a stroke and to call 911 immediately. For other cases, Dr. Ailani says helping a loved one get medical attention is crucial.
Pure motor stroke/hemiparesis (most common lacunar syndrome: 33–50%) posterior limb of the internal capsule , basilar part of pons , corona radiata It is marked by hemiparesis or hemiplegia that typically affects the face, arm, or leg of the side of the body opposite the location of the infarct.
Aphasiology is the study of language impairment usually resulting from brain damage, due to neurovascular accident—hemorrhage, stroke—or associated with a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, including different types of dementia.
Mixed transcortical aphasia can also occur after cerebral hypoxia, cerebral swelling, and any stroke that affects the cerebral artery. [9] Often lesions that cause mixed transcortical aphasia affect both the anterior and posterior perisylvian border zones. [10] Some times the type of aphasia can be determined just by knowing the lesion location ...
The most common stroke that causes Wernicke's Aphasia is an ischemic stroke affecting the posterior temporal lobe of the dominant hemisphere of the brain. [14] "The middle cerebral arteries supply blood to the cortical areas involved in speech, language and swallowing.
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