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Percent depth dose (PDD), which reflects the overall percentage of dose deposited as compared to the depth of maximum dose, depends on the depth of interest, beam energy, field size, and SSD (source to surface distance) as follows. Of note, PDD generally refers to depths greater than the depth of maximum dose
The transmission coefficient is needed for models of Transmission where for instance a vector carries a pathogen or parasite between hosts. It is represented by β and it is the rate at which a pathogen moves from infected individuals to susceptible individuals in the population .
Vertical transmission of symbionts is the transfer of a microbial symbiont from the parent directly to the offspring. [1] Many metazoan species carry symbiotic bacteria which play a mutualistic , commensal , or parasitic role. [ 1 ]
Piezoelectric direct discharge (PDD) plasma is a type of cold non-equilibrium plasma, generated by a direct gas discharge of a high voltage piezoelectric transformer.It can be ignited in air or other gases in a wide range of pressures, including atmospheric.
Transmission can also be indirect, via another organism, either a vector (e.g. a mosquito or fly) or an intermediate host (e.g. tapeworm in pigs can be transmitted to humans who ingest improperly cooked pork). Indirect transmission could involve zoonoses or, more typically, larger pathogens like macroparasites with more complex life cycles.
In the electron capture mode, the PDD is a selective detector for monitoring high electron affinity compounds such as freons, chlorinated pesticides, and other halogen compounds. For this type of compound, the minimum detectable quantity (MDQ) is at the femtogram ( 10 − 15 g {\displaystyle 10^{-15}\,\mathrm {g} } ) or picogram ( 10 − 12 g ...
Transovarial and transstadial transmission of the Ixodes tick. Transstadial transmission is the persistence of a symbiont or pathogen in an organism from one life stage ("stadium") to the next, such as larva to nymph to adult. [1] [2] [3] This type of transmission is typically observed in insects.
In cell biology, a biological pathway is a series of interactions among molecules in a cell that leads to a certain product or a change in the cell. Such a pathway can trigger the assembly of new molecules, such as a fat or protein.