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It measures platelet aggregation with the help of von Willebrand factor The ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation ( RIPA ) is an ex vivo assay for live platelet function. It measures platelet aggregation with the help of von Willebrand factor (vWF) and exogenous antibiotic ristocetin added in a graded fashion. [ 1 ]
The test is then started, and platelet aggregation is recorded at approximately 0.5 second intervals for six minutes. Three parameters are calculated: aggregation, velocity and area under the curve (AUC). Aggregation (in AU) is the maximum height of the aggregation curve, and velocity (in AU/min) is the maximum slope of the curve.
The PFA-100 (Platelet Function Assay [1] or Platelet Function Analyser [2]) is a platelet function analyser that aspirates blood in vitro from a blood specimen into disposable test cartridges through a microscopic aperture cut into a biologically active membrane at the end of a capillary.
Thromboelastography (TEG) is a method of testing the efficiency of blood coagulation.It is a test mainly used in surgery and anesthesiology, although increasingly used in resuscitations in emergency departments, intensive care units, and labor and delivery suites.
Platelet aggregation plays a critical role in the genesis of a resulting thrombus. Adhesion should remain local, but platelet aggregation must grow exponentially to form a platelet thrombus and prevent blood loss. Platelet aggregation factors are the regulators that enhance the adhesion and stimulate the platelets to secrete its granules.
Blood compatibility testing is routinely performed before a blood transfusion.The full compatibility testing process involves ABO and RhD (Rh factor) typing; screening for antibodies against other blood group systems; and crossmatching, which involves testing the recipient's blood plasma against the donor's red blood cells as a final check for incompatibility.
Platelet storage pool deficiency is a family of clotting disorders characterized by deficient granules in platelets. Individuals with these disorders have too few or abnormally functioning alpha granules , delta granules , or both alpha and delta granules and are therefore unable to form effective clots, which leads to prolonged bleeding.
Light transmission aggregometry is widely accepted as the gold standard diagnostic tool for assessing platelet function, and a result of absent aggregation with any agonist except ristocetin is highly specific for Glanzmann's thrombasthenia. [9] Following is a table comparing its result with other platelet aggregation disorders: