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A "Scotch" marine boiler (or simply Scotch boiler) is a design of steam boiler best known for its use on ships. Sectional diagram of a "wet back" boiler. The general layout is that of a squat horizontal cylinder. One or more large cylindrical furnaces are in the lower part of the boiler shell. Above this are many small-diameter fire-tubes ...
However, the furnace in a gunboat boiler has no opening at the bottom of the furnace to allow dumping of ash; the furnace is completely water-cooled, similar to a Scotch boiler furnace. These boilers were used in early torpedo boats and gunboats, having low height for protection from enemy gunfire. Galloway boiler
This firebox has an open base to provide a large grate area and often extends beyond the cylindrical barrel to form a rectangular or tapered enclosure. The horizontal fire-tube boiler is also typical of marine applications, using the Scotch boiler; thus, these boilers are commonly referred to as "scotch-marine" or "marine" type boilers. [2]
These boilers were also large, and although fitted to many pre-dreadnought battleships, could not be fitted to the small torpedo boats and the early destroyers then under very active development. To provide a lighter boiler for smaller vessels, the 'Express' types were developed. These used smaller water-tubes of around 2" diameter, giving a ...
Also known as Rectangular boilers and Wagon-top boilers. The Martin or Cochrane boiler was a direct evolution of the Flued one, with adding vertical water tubes into the large fire passages, later ones had horizontal water return-tubes like on the Scotch boiler.
They operated with a stroke of 69 in (1,800 mm). Steam was raised from twelve double-end Scotch boilers, each measuring 18 ft (5.5 m) in diameter and having eight furnaces. There was also one single-ended boiler for auxiliary machinery and one smaller donkey boiler. Boiler pressure was 165 psi (1,140 kPa), enabling the engines to produce 31,000 ...
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The only railway use of water-tube boilers in any numbers was the Brotan boiler, invented by Johann Brotan in Austria in 1902, and found in rare examples throughout Europe, although Hungary was a keen user and had around 1,000 of them. Like the Baldwin, it combined a water-tube firebox with a fire-tube barrel.