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Potassium-sparing diuretics act to prevent sodium reabsorption in the collecting tubule by either binding ENaCs (amiloride, triamterene) or by inhibiting aldosterone receptors (spironolactone, eplerenone). This prevents excessive excretion of K + in urine and decreased retention of water, preventing hypokalemia. [10]
When this happens, glucose remains in the filtrate, leading to the osmotic retention of water in the urine. Glucosuria causes a loss of hypotonic water and Na + , leading to a hypertonic state with signs of volume depletion, such as dry mucosa, hypotension, tachycardia , and decreased turgor of the skin.
Water weight, also known as water retention, is a buildup of excess water or fluid in the body's tissues, which can occur for a variety of reasons, Dr. Felice Schnoll-Sussman, gastroenterologist ...
Hypervolemia, also known as fluid overload, is the medical condition where there is too much fluid in the blood. The opposite condition is hypovolemia, which is too little fluid volume in the blood. Fluid volume excess in the intravascular compartment occurs due to an increase in total body sodium content and a consequent increase in ...
Edema (American English), also spelled oedema (British English), and also known as fluid retention, dropsy and hydropsy, is the build-up of fluid in the body's tissue, [1] a type of swelling. [4] Most commonly, the legs or arms are affected. [ 1 ]
This will promote sodium reabsorption and fluid retention, causing diuretic resistance. Other factors includes gut edema which slows down the absorption of oral loop diuretics. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) reduces renal flow rate, reducing the delivery of diuretic molecules into the nephron, limiting sodium excretion and increasing sodium ...
Water retention can refer to: Water retention (medicine), an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the circulatory system or within the tissues or cavities of the body Edema, an abnormal accumulation of fluid beneath the skin, or in one or more cavities of the body; Premenstrual water retention, a common phenomenon associated with the menstrual cycle
Hence, ADH activity effectively dilutes the blood (decreasing the concentrations of solutes such as sodium), causing hyponatremia; this is compounded by the fact that the body responds to water retention by decreasing aldosterone, thus allowing even more sodium wasting. For this reason, a high urinary sodium excretion will be seen.