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Contextualism, also known as epistemic contextualism, is a family of views in philosophy which emphasize the context in which an action, utterance, or expression occurs. Proponents of contextualism argue that, in some important respect, the action, utterance, or expression can only be understood relative to that context. [ 1 ]
"Contextualism in Epistemology". Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. "Epistemic Circularity". Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. "Epistemic Justification". Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. "Epistemology of Perception". Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. "Ethnoepistemology". Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. "Evolutionary Epistemology".
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Stine was an advocate of contextualism, the view that our standards for knowledge vary by situation. [5] Stine also advocates the view that for a subject to know that p, she must rule out all relevant alternatives to p, a position also held by Alvin Goldman and Fred Dretske. [6]
Stephen C. Pepper (April 29, 1891 – May 1, 1972) was an American pragmatism philosopher, the Mills Professor of Philosophy at the University of California at Berkeley.He may be best known for World Hypotheses: A Study in Evidence (1942) but was also a respected authority on aesthetics, philosophy of art, and ethics.
Epistemic closure [1] is a property of some belief systems.It is the principle that if a subject knows , and knows that entails, then can thereby come to know .Most epistemological theories involve a closure principle and many skeptical arguments assume a closure principle.
Beginning late on January 1, Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin was hospitalized and in an intensive care unit, yet no one in the military chain of command seemed to know about it until January 5.
Findings from landscape limnology research are contributing to many facets of aquatic ecosystem research, management, and conservation. Landscape limnology is especially relevant for geographical areas with thousands of ecosystems (i.e. lake-rich regions of the world), in situations with a range of human disturbances, or when considering lakes, streams, and wetlands that are connected to other ...