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The Governors include the Yang di-Pertua-Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Penang, Malacca, Sabah and Sarawak. All 13 Heads of State comprise the Conference of Rulers, but only the 9 Rulers from the States of Malaya are eligible to be elected as Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the Supreme Head of the Federation on a rotational basis according to seniority.
In most states within Malaysia, the office was created by the British colonial government in 1948, in tandem with the creation of the Federation of Malaya. However, Johor was the first state to create the Menteri Besar position, subject to Undang-undang Tubuh Negeri Johor (Johor State Constitution) enforced by Sultan Abu Bakar .
Yang di-Pertua Negeri (YDPN) is not a royal title, but the title of 'The Head of the State' (the 'Supreme Head') for the state of Penang, Melaka, Sabah, and Sarawak, which do not have hereditary rulers. Yang di-Pertua Negeri is installed by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. The title is sometimes translated as 'Governor' in English.
When Singapore was expelled from Malaysia to become an independent republic, the office of Yang di-Pertuan Negara was eventually replaced with the office of President. Since 1976, the style of name for the heads of state of Penang, Malacca, Sabah and Sarawak were made uniform by titling it as Yang di-Pertua Negeri.
Yang di-Pertua Negeri: Mohd Ali Rustam: 4 June 2020 Chief Minister: Ab Rauf Yusoh: 31 March 2023 Negeri Sembilan: Yang di-Pertuan Besar: Muhriz: 29 December 2008 Menteri Besar: Aminuddin Harun: 12 May 2018 Pahang: Sultan: Abdullah: 11 January 2019 Menteri Besar: Wan Rosdy Wan Ismail: 15 May 2018 Penang: Yang di-Pertua Negeri: Ahmad Fuzi Abdul ...
The Yang di-Pertuan Agong is elected by the Conference of Rulers, comprising the nine rulers of the Malay states, with the office de facto rotated between them, making Malaysia one of the world's few elective monarchies. In accordance with Article 41 of the Constitution, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong is Commander-in-Chief of the Malaysian Armed Forces.
Every five years or when a vacancy occurs, the rulers convene as the Conference of Rulers (Malay: Majlis Raja-Raja) to elect among themselves the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the federal constitutional monarch and head of state of Malaysia. [1] As the Yang di-Pertuan Agong is elected among the rulers, [2] Malaysia, as a whole, is also an elective ...
As of 2008, although Malaysia is a de jure federation, many perceive it as a de facto unitary state - power is heavily consolidated to the federal government during Mahathir Mohamad's term as prime minister. [1] Some suggest that opposition triumphs in several of the 2008 state elections will alter the political climate and approach towards ...