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Pachacuti's role was that of an archetype of the perfect Inca ruler according to the philosophical principles of the Inca ruling caste, and of spreading the Inca cultural model and pantheon to the various ethnic groups of the Andes. [12] Pachacuti built irrigation networks, cultivated terraces, roads and hospices.
The Kingdom of Cusco (sometimes spelled Cuzco and in Quechua Qosqo or Qusqu), also called the Cusco confederation, [2] was a small kingdom based in the Andean city of Cusco that began as a small city-state founded by the Incas around the start of 13th century.
However the large majority of reliable sources say that Atahualpa was the son of a woman from the panaka of Pachacuti. [13] [7] [14] [15] Therefore, the conflict was most likely a conflict between the panakas. [6] According to the French historian Henri Favre the panaka of Topa Inca was in the Hurin (low) part of Cusco.
Pachacuti" is an appellation created from pacha, equilibrium, and kuti, an act of overturning; Pachacuti was, therefore, someone whose dynamism and power changed the balance in the world. [4] The Sapa Inca was conceptualized as divine and was effectively head of the state religion. Only the Willaq Umu (or Chief Priest) was second to the emperor.
Statue of the Sapa Inca Pachacuti wearing the Mascapaicha (imperial crown), in the main square of Aguas Calientes, Peru. The Sapa Inca (from Quechua sapa inka; lit. ' the only emperor ') was the monarch of the Inca Empire (Tawantinsuyu "the region of the four [provinces]"), as well as ruler of the earlier Kingdom of Cuzco and the later Neo-Inca State.
' fortress of the royal falcon or hawk ') [1] [2] [3] is a citadel on the northern outskirts of the city of Cusco, Peru, the historic capital of the Inca Empire. The site is at an altitude of 3,701 metres (12,142 ft). The complex was built by the Incas in the 15th century, particularly under Sapa Inca Pachacuti and his successors. [4]
Huayna Capac (/'waɪnə ˈkæpæk/; Cuzco Quechua: Wayna Qhapaq /ˈwajna 'qʰapaq/ [ˈwajna 'qʰapaχ]) (before 1493 – 1527) was the third Sapa Inca of Tawantinsuyu, the Inca Empire.
Capac Yupanqui was sent by Pachacuti to the central Peruvian coast in order to conquer the Chincha. [3] [4] [5] Years later the Sapa Inka sent his brother to various campaigns to the north of Cusco. [6] During these campaigns he conquered the Cajamarca region, ruled by the chiefdom of Guzmango, accidentally starting a war with Chimor. [7] [8] [1]