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Whole tone scale on C Play ⓘ. An augmented chord is one which contains an augmented interval, almost invariably the 5th of the chord. An augmented triad is a major triad whose fifth has been raised by a chromatic semitone; it is the principal harmony of the whole tone scale. For example, the D ♭ augmented triad contains the notes D ♭ —F ...
The Lydian scale can be described as a major scale with the fourth scale degree raised a semitone, making it an augmented fourth above the tonic; e.g., an F-major scale with a B ♮ rather than B ♭. That is, the Lydian mode has the following formula:
This is often interpreted as a quartal hexachord consisting of an augmented fourth, diminished fourth, augmented fourth, and two perfect fourths.The chord is related to other pitch collections, such as being a hexatonic subset of the overtone scale, also known in jazz circles as the Lydian dominant scale, lacking the perfect fifth.
The single tone that differentiates this scale from the major scale (Ionian mode) is its fourth degree, which is an augmented fourth (A4) above the tonic (F), rather than a perfect fourth (P4). Tonic triad: F; Tonic seventh chord: F M7; Dominant triad: C; Seventh chord on the dominant: C M7 (a major seventh chord)
The augmented scale, also known in jazz theory as the symmetrical augmented scale, [3] is so called because it can be thought of as an interlocking combination of two augmented triads an augmented second or minor third apart: C E G ♯ and E ♭ G B. It may also be called the "minor-third half-step scale", owing to the series of intervals ...
The augmented fourth (A4) occurs naturally between the fourth and seventh scale degrees of the major scale (for example, from F to B in the key of C major). It is also present in the natural minor scale as the interval formed between the second and sixth scale degrees (for example, from D to A ♭ in the key of C minor). The melodic minor scale ...
The terms quartal and quintal imply a contrast, either compositional or perceptual, with traditional harmonic constructions based on thirds: listeners familiar with music of the common practice period are guided by tonalities constructed with familiar elements: the chords that make up major and minor scales, all in turn built from major and minor thirds.
Lydian chords may function as subdominants or substitutes for the tonic in major keys. [3] The compound interval of the augmented eleventh (enharmonically equivalent to ♯ 4, the characteristic interval of the Lydian mode) is used since the simple fourth usually only appears in suspended chords (which replace the third with a natural fourth, for example C sus4).