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Long leg cast for tibial fracture. A long leg cast extends from the upper thigh to the toes, immobilizing the knee joint as well as the lower leg and ankle. It is typically used for injuries requiring stabilization across multiple joints, such as tibial or fibular fractures, severe knee injuries, or post-surgical recovery.
A distal radius fracture, also known as wrist fracture, is a break of the part of the radius bone which is close to the wrist. [1] Symptoms include pain, bruising, and rapid-onset swelling. [1] The ulna bone may also be broken. [1] In younger people, these fractures typically occur during sports or a motor vehicle collision. [2]
Bone healing, or fracture healing, is a proliferative physiological process in which the body facilitates the repair of a bone fracture. Generally, bone fracture treatment consists of a doctor reducing (pushing) displaced bones back into place via relocation with or without anaesthetic, stabilizing their position to aid union, and then waiting ...
A Smith's fracture, is a fracture of the distal radius. [ 1 ] Although it can also be caused by a direct blow to the dorsal forearm [ 2 ] or by a fall with the wrist flexed, the most common mechanism of injury for Smith's fracture occurs in a palmar fall with the wrist joint slightly dorsiflexed. [ 3 ]
Numerous pinning techniques have been proposed, however there is not enough evidence to determine which is more effective. [1] Pinning involves the manipulation, with X-ray guidance, of the fracture into an acceptable position, and the immediate insertion of metal pins, called Kirschner wires, through the skin, into one bone fragment and across the fracture line into the other bone fragment.
The fracture may be preventable by using wrist guards during certain activities. [1] In those in whom the fracture remains well aligned a cast is generally sufficient. [2] If the fracture is displaced then surgery is generally recommended. [2] Healing may take up to six months. [1] It is the most commonly fractured carpal bone. [3]
The diagnosis is generally made when there is no healing between two sets of medical imaging, such as X-ray or CT scan. This is generally after 6–8 months. [1] Nonunion is a serious complication of a fracture and may occur when the fracture moves too much, has a poor blood supply or gets infected. Patients who smoke have a higher incidence of ...
The scaphoid can be slow to heal because of the limited circulation to the bone. Fractures of the scaphoid must be recognized and treated quickly, as prompt treatment by immobilization or surgical fixation increases the likelihood of the bone healing in anatomic alignment, thus avoiding mal-union or non-union. [6] Delays may compromise healing.