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Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), is a member of the genus Alphavirus, and family Togaviridae. CHIKV features an icosahedral capsid surrounded by a lipid envelope, with a diameter ranging from 60 to 70 nm [24]. It was first isolated in 1953 in Tanzania and is an RNA virus with a positive-sense single-stranded genome of about 11.6kb. [25]
Human infectious diseases may be characterized by their case fatality rate (CFR), the proportion of people diagnosed with a disease who die from it (cf. mortality rate).It should not be confused with the infection fatality rate (IFR), the estimated proportion of people infected by a disease-causing agent, including asymptomatic and undiagnosed infections, who die from the disease.
Chikungunya: Laboratory criteria include a decreased lymphocyte count consistent with viremia. Definitive laboratory diagnosis can be accomplished through viral isolation, RT-PCR, or serological diagnosis. Supportive care: Under research [9] Chlamydia trachomatis: Chlamydia
Arthropods are common vectors of disease.A vector is an organism which spreads disease-causing parasites or pathogens from one host to another. Invertebrates spread bacterial, viral and protozoan pathogens by two main mechanisms.
Outbreaks of chikungunya, on average, have low mortality rates. [2] As it is generally a nonfatal disease, prevalence rates during most outbreaks are higher than incidence rates. [6] Recently, it was discovered that approximately 39% of the worldwide population resides in environments where the chikungunya virus is endemic. [7]
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A Chikungunya vaccine is a vaccine intended to provide acquired immunity against the chikungunya virus. [5] [6] The most commonly reported side effects include headache, fatigue, muscle pain, joint pain, fever, nausea and tenderness at the injection site. [11] The first chikungunya vaccine was approved for medical use in the United States in ...