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  2. Gamma ray - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_ray

    A gamma ray, also known as gamma radiation (symbol γ), is a penetrating form of electromagnetic radiation arising from high energy interactions like the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei or astronomical events like solar flares. It consists of the shortest wavelength electromagnetic waves, typically shorter than those of X-rays.

  3. Electromagnetic spectrum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_spectrum

    Gamma rays, at the high-frequency end of the spectrum, have the highest photon energies and the shortest wavelengths—much smaller than an atomic nucleus. Gamma rays, X-rays, and extreme ultraviolet rays are called ionizing radiation because their high photon energy is able to ionize atoms, causing chemical reactions. Longer-wavelength ...

  4. Background radiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Background_radiation

    Displayed background gamma radiation level is 9.8 μR/h (0.82 mSv/a) This is very close to the world average background radiation of 0.87 mSv/a from cosmic and terrestrial sources. Cloud chambers used by early researchers first detected cosmic rays and other background radiation. They can be used to visualize the background radiation

  5. Terrestrial gamma-ray flash - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrestrial_gamma-ray_flash

    Artist's conception of gamma-ray flash and related phenomena. The red dots show some of the ~500 terrestrial gamma-ray flashes daily detected by the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope through 2010. A terrestrial gamma-ray flash (TGF), also known as dark lightning, is a burst of gamma rays produced in Earth's atmosphere.

  6. Electromagnetic radiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_radiation

    The effect of non-ionizing radiation on chemical systems and living tissue is primarily simply heating, through the combined energy transfer of many photons. In contrast, high frequency ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma rays are ionizing – individual photons of such high frequency have enough energy to ionize molecules or break chemical bonds.

  7. Gamma-ray burst in faraway galaxy disturbed Earth's upper ...

    www.aol.com/news/gamma-ray-burst-faraway-galaxy...

    This gamma-ray burst, researchers said on Tuesday, caused a significant disturbance in Earth's ionosphere, a layer of the planet's upper atmosphere that contains electrically charge.

  8. Mean free path - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean_free_path

    Mean free path of gamma rays (very high energy and ultra high energy) based on photon energy (expressed in electron-volts on horizontal axis). Mean free path is expressed on a log scale of megaparsecs (i.e. "–1" indicates 0.1 megaparsecs, "3" equals 1,000 megaparsecs, etc.).

  9. Radiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation

    Gamma radiation detected in an isopropanol cloud chamber. Gamma (γ) radiation consists of photons with a wavelength less than 3 × 10 −11 m (greater than 10 19 Hz and 41.4 keV). [4] Gamma radiation emission is a nuclear process that occurs to rid an unstable nucleus of excess energy after most nuclear reactions. Both alpha and beta particles ...