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Cambarus bartonii is a species of crayfish native to eastern North America, where it is called the common crayfish [3] or Appalachian brook crayfish. [2]Cambarus bartonii was the first crayfish to be described from North America, when Johan Christian Fabricius published it under the name Astacus bartonii in his 1798 work Supplementum entomologiae systematicae. [4]
This water mold was transmitted to Europe when North American species of crayfish were introduced. [40] Species of the genus Astacus are particularly susceptible to infection, allowing the plague-coevolved signal crayfish (native to western North America) to invade parts of Europe. [41] Acid rain can cause problems for crayfish across the world.
The genus Cambarus is the second largest freshwater crayfish genus inhabiting the Northern Hemisphere, with only sixty fewer species than the genus Procambarus. [2] Though Cambarus are varied across species, the two terminal elements that make up the male form I gonopod form ninety degree angles with the central appendage, allowing for their identification.
Procambarus is a genus of crayfish in the family Cambaridae, all native to North and Central America. It includes a number of troglobitic species, and the marbled crayfish (marmorkrebs), which is parthenogenetic. Originally described as a subgenus for four species, it now contains around 161 species.
It is an introduced species in adjacent regions, including Massachusetts, Vermont, and Ontario in Canada. [1] It is known commonly as the Allegheny crayfish [2] and the obscure crayfish. This species lives in slow-moving waterways and pools with rocky substrates, where it hides beneath rocks. [1] It also burrows into the substrate. [2]
C. quadricarinatus is often kept in aquariums worldwide, and is the only species of crayfish that can be kept in indoor aquaria for ornamental use in the UK (except Scotland) without a licence. [7] [8] It is farmed commercially in Queensland and the Northern Territory, and is harvested at between 35–130 grams (1.2–4.6 oz). [6]
Procambarus clarkii, known variously as the red swamp crayfish, Louisiana crawfish or mudbug, [3] is a species of cambarid crayfish native to freshwater bodies of northern Mexico, and southern and southeastern United States, but also introduced elsewhere (both in North America and other continents), where it is often an invasive pest.
Cambarus robustus, known generally as the robust crayfish or Big Water crayfish, [2] is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is found in North America. [3] [4] [1] [5] The IUCN conservation status of Cambarus robustus is "LC", least concern, with no immediate threat to the species' survival. The population is stable.