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Feline diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease in cats whereby either insufficient insulin response or insulin resistance leads to persistently high blood glucose concentrations. Diabetes affects up to 1 in 230 cats, [1] and may be becoming increasingly common. Diabetes is less common in cats than in dogs.
In the wild, cats eat small meals throughout the day, somewhere between 8 and 16 times (1). Even though dogs and humans are both adapted to fasting, a small animal like the cat is not.
Intravenous sugar solution, also known as dextrose solution, is a mixture of dextrose (glucose) and water. [1] It is used to treat low blood sugar or water loss without electrolyte loss. [ 2 ] Water loss without electrolyte loss may occur in fever , hyperthyroidism , high blood calcium , or diabetes insipidus . [ 2 ]
Feline disease refers to infections or illnesses that affect cats. They may cause symptoms, sickness or the death of the animal. Some diseases are symptomatic in one cat but asymptomatic in others. Feline diseases are often opportunistic and tend to be more serious in cats that already have concurrent sicknesses.
Treatment is dependent on the type of glycogen storage disease. Von Gierke disease ( GSD-I ) is typically treated with frequent small meals of carbohydrates and cornstarch , called modified cornstarch therapy , to prevent low blood sugar, while other treatments may include allopurinol and human granulocyte colony stimulating factor .
Conservative treatment of arterial thromboembolism in cats is also based on this endogenous dissolution of the clot (see below). In cats, the blood clots originate mainly in the left atrial auricle. [8] They or parts of them are carried along with the blood flow, enter the aorta via the left ventricle, get stuck at vascular outlets and block them.
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Cat receiving treatment for hepatic lipidosis. An esophageal feeding tube can be seen extending from the neck. A syringe containing a nutrient slurry can also be seen. Untreated, the disease has a mortality rate upwards of 90%. Cats treated in the early stages can have a recovery rate of 80–90%. [6]