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The ophthalmic nerve (CN V 1) is a sensory nerve of the head.It is one of three divisions of the trigeminal nerve (CN V), a cranial nerve.It has three major branches which provide sensory innervation to the eye, and the skin of the upper face and anterior scalp, as well as other structures of the head.
The ophthalmic nerve gives rise to three branches: the supraorbital nerve, the supratrochlear nerve, and the nasociliary nerve. Any combination of these nerves can be affected in HZO, although the most feared complications occur with nasociliary nerve involvement, due to its innervation of the eye.
The nasociliary nerve is a branch of the ophthalmic nerve (CN V 1) (which is in turn a branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)). It is intermediate in size between the other two branches of the ophthalmic nerve, the frontal nerve and lacrimal nerve. [1]
The lacrimal nerve branches from the ophthalmic nerve immediately before traveling through the superior orbital fissure to enter the orbit. [citation needed]At the superior portion of the lateral wall of the orbit, it also receives a secretomotor [2]: 495 communicating [2]: 402 parasympathetic [3] branch from the zygomaticotemporal nerve [2]: 495 for the lacrimal gland.
the nasociliary branch of the ophthalmic branch (V 1) of the trigeminal nerve (CN V) sensing the stimulus on the cornea only (afferent fiber). the temporal and zygomatic branches of the facial nerve (CN VII) initiating the motor response (efferent fiber). the center is located in the pons of the brainstem.
The supratrochlear nerve is a branch of the frontal nerve, itself a branch of the ophthalmic nerve (CN V 1) from the trigeminal nerve (CN V). It provides sensory innervation to the skin of the forehead and the upper eyelid .
Oculomotor nerve; Olfactory nerve; Ophthalmic nerve; Optic nerve; Otic ganglion; Ovarian plexus; Palatine nerves; Palmar branch of the median nerve; Palmar branch of ulnar nerve; Pancreatic plexus; Patellar plexus; Pelvic splanchnic nerves; Perforating cutaneous nerve; Perineal branches of posterior femoral cutaneous nerve; Perineal nerve ...
Middle part transmits: Superior and inferior divisions of the oculomotor nerve (CN III), nasociliary nerve (lies between the two divisions of oculomotor nerve) and abducent nerve; Medial part transmits: Inferior ophthalmic veins and sympathetic nerves arising from the plexus that accompanies the internal carotid artery