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The Luna programme (from the Russian word Луна "Luna" meaning "Moon"), occasionally called Lunik by western media, [1] was a series of robotic spacecraft missions sent to the Moon by the Soviet Union between 1959 and 1976.
The Soviet crewed lunar programs were a series of programs pursued by the Soviet Union to land humans on the Moon, in competition with the United States Apollo program.The Soviet government publicly denied participating in such a competition, but secretly pursued two programs in the 1960s: crewed lunar flyby missions using Soyuz 7K-L1 (Zond) spacecraft launched with the Proton-K rocket, and a ...
Zvezda moonbase (Russian: звезда, "star"), also called DLB Lunar Base, was a Soviet plan and project from 1962 to 1974 [1] to construct a crewed moonbase as successor to the N1-L3 human lunar expedition program. Zvezda moonbase was canceled with the rest of the Soviet human lunar programs.
The Luna programme was the first successful lunar programme, its Luna 1 (1959) being the first partially successful lunar mission The first image taken of the far side of the Moon, returned by Luna 3 (1959) Missions to the Moon have been numerous and include some of the earliest space missions, conducting exploration of the Moon since 1959.
Surveyor 3 on the Moon. The first image returned by Luna 3 showed the far side of the Moon. This is a list of robotic space probes that have flown by, impacted, orbited or landed on the Moon for the purpose of lunar exploration, as well as probes launched toward the Moon that failed to reach their target.
Luna 3, or E-2A No.1 (Russian: Луна 3), was a Soviet spacecraft launched in 1959 as part of the Luna programme.It was the first mission to photograph the far side of the Moon and the third Soviet space probe to be sent to the neighborhood of the Moon. [5]
A stamp from the Soviet Union showing a map based on the Luna 3 images. Mare Desiderii / d ɛ s ɪ ˈ d ɪər i aɪ / (Latin dēsīderiī, the "Sea of Desires") was an area of the Moon named after Luna 3 returned the first pictures of the far side in 1959. [1] Early publications of the Luna 3 image referred to the Mare as Mechta, the Russian ...
Exploring the Moon (1969-1976) - a diary of significant events in Soviet lunar exploration, including those associated with the Lunokhod programme; Don P. Mitchell's catalog of Soviet Moon Images including many from the Lunokhod programme; Remote control lunokhods and planetrovers Archived 2020-08-12 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)