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Tu quoque ('you too' – appeal to hypocrisy, whataboutism) – stating that a position is false, wrong, or should be disregarded because its proponent fails to act consistently in accordance with it. [112] Two wrongs make a right – assuming that, if one wrong is committed, another wrong will rectify it. [113]
A proponent of metaphysical voluntarism is 19th-century German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer. [1] In his view, the will is not reasoning, but an irrational, unconscious urge in relation to which the intellect represents a secondary phenomenon. The will is actually the force at the core of all reality.
The term antonym (and the related antonymy) is commonly taken to be synonymous with opposite, but antonym also has other more restricted meanings. Graded (or gradable) antonyms are word pairs whose meanings are opposite and which lie on a continuous spectrum (hot, cold).
Nihilism is a family of views that reject or negate certain aspects of existence. [21] Different forms of nihilism deny different features of reality. For example, existential nihilism denies that life has a higher meaning and moral nihilism rejects the existence of moral phenomena.
Intelligent design proponents, they say, are proposing both searching for a designer without knowing anything about that designer's abilities, parameters, or intentions (which scientists do know when searching for the results of human intelligence), as well as denying the distinction between natural/artificial design that allows scientists to ...
Marius Nizolius (Italian: Mario Nizolio; 1498–1576) was an Italian humanist scholar, known as a proponent of Cicero.He considered rhetoric to be the central intellectual discipline, slighting other aspects of the philosophical tradition.
In medieval philosophy, the French philosopher and theologian Roscellinus (c. 1050 – c. 1125) was an early, prominent proponent of nominalism. Nominalist ideas can be found in the work of Peter Abelard and reached their flowering in William of Ockham , who was the most influential and thorough nominalist.
Clement of Alexandria (c. 150 – 215) was an early proponent of apophatic theology. [ 45 ] [ 5 ] Clement holds that God is unknowable, although God's unknowability, concerns only his essence, not his energies, or powers. [ 45 ]