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Aseptate (non-septate) or coenocytic (without septa) Non-septate hyphae are associated with Mucor , [ 9 ] some zygomycetes , and other fungi. Pseudohyphae are distinguished from true hyphae by their method of growth, relative frailty and lack of cytoplasmic connection between the cells.
A coral septum is one of the radial calcareous plates in the corallites of a coral. [18]Annelids have septa that divide their coelom into segmented chambers. [19]Many shelled organisms have septa subdividing their shell chamber, including rhizopods, cephalopods and gastropods, the latter seemingly serving as a defence against shell-boring predators.
Coenocyte of Sphaeroforma arctica Botrydium, showing a coenocytic body. A coenocyte (/ ˈ s iː n ə ˌ s aɪ t /) is a multinucleate cell which can result from multiple nuclear divisions without their accompanying cytokinesis, in contrast to a syncytium, which results from cellular aggregation followed by dissolution of the cell membranes inside the mass. [1]
Hyphae are septate and hyaline. Once established, the mycelium secretes degradative enzymes or proteins which can break down complex nutrients (food). Individual hyphae strands are not typically seen by the unaided eye; however, conidia producing thick mycelial mats are often seen.
In addition to having septate basidia, heterobasidiomycetes also frequently possess large irregularly shaped sterigmata and spores that are capable of self-replication – a process where a spore, instead of germinating into a vegetative hypha, gives rise to a sterigma and a new spore, which is then discharged as if from a normal basidium.
Typically the conidiophore terminates in one or a few phialides. In some species (e.g., T. polysporum) the main branches are terminated by long, simple or branched, hooked, straight or sinuous, septate, thin-walled, sterile or terminally fertile elongations. The main axis may be the same width as the base of the phialide or it may be much wider.
The Peronosporales too are mainly saprophytic or parasitic on plants, and have an aseptate, branching form. Many of the most damaging agricultural parasites belong to this order. Many of the most damaging agricultural parasites belong to this order.
The Glomeromycota have generally coenocytic (occasionally sparsely septate) mycelia and reproduce asexually through blastic development of the hyphal tip to produce spores [2] (Glomerospores,blastospore) with diameters of 80–500 μm. [9] In some, complex spores form within a terminal saccule. [2]