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The work of the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC), which is the most important international body in the field of food standards, is based on the scientific advice provided by bodies like JECFA. [5]
The Codex Alimentarius (Latin for 'Food Code') is a collection of internationally recognized standards, codes of practice, guidelines, and other recommendations published by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and World Health Organization (WHO) of the United Nations relating to food, food production, food labeling, and food safety.
Except where stated, the list of INS numbers and associated food additives is based on the most recent publication of the Codex Alimentarius, [2] Class Names and the International Numbering System for Food Additives, first published in 1989, with revisions in 2008 and 2011. E number and American approval flags are derived from other sources.
This numbering scheme has been adopted and extended by the Codex Alimentarius Commission as the International Numbering System for Food Additives (INS) to internationally identify all additives (INS number., [2] E numbers are all prefixed by "E", but countries outside Europe use only the number, whether the additive is approved in Europe or not.
In 2004, disodium inosinate was proposed to be removed from the food additive list by Codex Alimentarius Commission. [9] This change did not go through: it is still present in the 2009 Codex Alimentarius list. [10]
More specifically, the FCC is a compendium for all food ingredients, while JECFA considers only "food additives" for inclusion in its compendium. Examples of substances included in the FCC, but not in JECFA standards, are soybean oil, sucrose, fructose, and sodium chloride -- substances considered by JECFA to be foods or food ingredients, but ...
Risk management is defined for the purposes of the Codex Alimentarius Commission as "The process, distinct from risk assessment, of weighing policy alternatives, in consultation with all interested parties, considering risk assessment and other factors relevant for the health protection of consumers and for the promotion of fair trade practices, and, if needed, selecting appropriate prevention ...
The JECFA makes a distinction between acceptable intakes and tolerable intakes. Tolerable is used to demonstrate permissibility, not acceptability. [3] Substances such as food additives, veterinary drugs, and pesticides that can be controlled in the food supply relatively easily are assessed an acceptable daily intake, or ADI.