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The erase–remove idiom cannot be used for containers that return const_iterator (e.g.: set) [6] std::remove and/or std::remove_if do not maintain elements that are removed (unlike std::partition, std::stable_partition). Thus, erase–remove can only be used with containers holding elements with full value semantics without incurring resource ...
A basic_string is guaranteed to be specializable for any type with a char_traits struct to accompany it. As of C++11, only char, wchar_t, char16_t and char32_t specializations are required to be implemented. [16] A basic_string is also a Standard Library container, and thus the Standard Library algorithms can be applied to the code units in ...
In computer programming, a null-terminated string is a character string stored as an array containing the characters and terminated with a null character (a character with an internal value of zero, called "NUL" in this article, not same as the glyph zero).
A stack may be implemented as, for example, a singly linked list with a pointer to the top element. A stack may be implemented to have a bounded capacity. If the stack is full and does not contain enough space to accept another element, the stack is in a state of stack overflow.
In computer science, an associative array, map, symbol table, or dictionary is an abstract data type that stores a collection of (key, value) pairs, such that each possible key appears at most once in the collection. In mathematical terms, an associative array is a function with finite domain. [1] It supports 'lookup', 'remove', and 'insert ...
The formatting placeholders in scanf are more or less the same as that in printf, its reverse function.As in printf, the POSIX extension n$ is defined. [2]There are rarely constants (i.e., characters that are not formatting placeholders) in a format string, mainly because a program is usually not designed to read known data, although scanf does accept these if explicitly specified.
If n is greater than the length of the string then most implementations return the whole string (exceptions exist – see code examples). Note that for variable-length encodings such as UTF-8 , UTF-16 or Shift-JIS , it can be necessary to remove string positions at the end, in order to avoid invalid strings.
A string is defined as a contiguous sequence of code units terminated by the first zero code unit (often called the NUL code unit). [1] This means a string cannot contain the zero code unit, as the first one seen marks the end of the string. The length of a string is the number of code units before the zero code unit. [1]