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In convective heat transfer, the Churchill–Bernstein equation is used to estimate the surface averaged Nusselt number for a cylinder in cross flow at various velocities. [1] The need for the equation arises from the inability to solve the Navier–Stokes equations in the turbulent flow regime, even for a Newtonian fluid .
As a simple approximate equation, the physical value of is usually very close to 1/3 of the detonation velocity of the explosive material for standard explosives. [1] For a typical set of military explosives, the value of D 2 E {\displaystyle {\frac {D}{\sqrt {2E}}}} ranges from between 2.32 for Tritonal and 3.16 for PAX-29n.
Defining equation SI units ... m 3 s −1 [L] 3 [T] −1: Mass current per unit volume: s ... The Cambridge Handbook of Physics Formulas. Cambridge University Press.
The table below essentially simplifies the ideal gas equation for a particular process, making the equation easier to solve using numerical methods. A thermodynamic process is defined as a system that moves from state 1 to state 2, where the state number is denoted by a subscript.
It is the most familiar of the theories of physics. The concepts it covers, such as mass, acceleration, and force, are commonly used and known. [2] The subject is based upon a three-dimensional Euclidean space with fixed axes, called a frame of reference. The point of concurrency of the three axes is known as the origin of the particular space. [3]
Mathematically, mass flux is defined as the limit =, where = = is the mass current (flow of mass m per unit time t) and A is the area through which the mass flows.. For mass flux as a vector j m, the surface integral of it over a surface S, followed by an integral over the time duration t 1 to t 2, gives the total amount of mass flowing through the surface in that time (t 2 − t 1): = ^.
The Haaland equation was proposed in 1983 by Professor S.E. Haaland of the Norwegian Institute of Technology. [9] It is used to solve directly for the Darcy–Weisbach friction factor f for a full-flowing circular pipe. It is an approximation of the implicit Colebrook–White equation, but the discrepancy from experimental data is well within ...
A formula editor is a computer program that is used to typeset mathematical formulas and mathematical expressions. Formula editors typically serve two purposes: They allow word processing and publication of technical content either for print publication, or to generate raster images for web pages or screen presentations.