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  2. Social cycle theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_cycle_theory

    Social cycle theories are among the earliest social theories in sociology.Unlike the theory of social evolutionism, which views the evolution of society and human history as progressing in some new, unique direction(s), sociological cycle theory argues that events and stages of society and history generally repeat themselves in cycles.

  3. Graves's emergent cyclical levels of existence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graves's_emergent_cyclical...

    Graves used a variety of names for his theory during his lifetime, ranging from the generic Levels of Human Existence in his earlier work [5] to lengthy names such as Emergent Cyclical, Phenomenological, Existential Double-Helix Levels of Existence Conception of Adult Human Behavior (1978) and Emergent Cyclical Double-Helix Model of the Adult Bio-Pyscho-Social Behaviour (1981).

  4. Cyclical theory (United States history) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclical_theory_(United...

    The cyclical theory refers to a model used by historians Arthur M. Schlesinger Sr. and Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. to explain the fluctuations in politics throughout American history. [1] [2] In this theory, the United States's national mood alternates between liberalism and conservatism. Each phase has characteristic features, and each phase is ...

  5. Condorcet paradox - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condorcet_paradox

    In social choice theory, Condorcet's voting paradox is a fundamental discovery by the Marquis de Condorcet that majority rule is inherently self-contradictory.The result implies that it is logically impossible for any voting system to guarantee that a winner will have support from a majority of voters: for example there can be rock-paper-scissors scenario where a majority of voters will prefer ...

  6. Cyclical industrial dynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclical_industrial_dynamics

    The research by John Sterman finds that the so-called commodity cycles arise in many commodity markets. [5] For example, price and production cycles in markets of hog, cattle and copper span 4 years, 10–12 years and 8–10 years each in average respectively.

  7. Cyclical history - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclical_history

    Cyclic history or Cyclical history may refer to: Social cycle theory; Cycle of yugas, ages or stages This page was last edited on 26 ...

  8. Strange loop - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strange_loop

    A strange loop is a hierarchy of levels, each of which is linked to at least one other by some type of relationship. A strange loop hierarchy is "tangled" (Hofstadter refers to this as a "heterarchy"), in that there is no well defined highest or lowest level; moving through the levels, one eventually returns to the starting point, i.e., the original level.

  9. Cyclic model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclic_model

    A cyclic model (or oscillating model) is any of several cosmological models in which the universe follows infinite, or indefinite, self-sustaining cycles. For example, the oscillating universe theory briefly considered by Albert Einstein in 1930 theorized a universe following an eternal series of oscillations, each beginning with a Big Bang and ending with a Big Crunch; in the interim, the ...