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In computer disk storage, a sector is a subdivision of a track on a magnetic disk or optical disc. For most disks, each sector stores a fixed amount of user-accessible data, traditionally 512 bytes for hard disk drives (HDDs), and 2048 bytes for CD-ROMs, DVD-ROMs and BD-ROMs. [1]
Drives 9.5 mm high became an unofficial standard for all except the largest-capacity laptop drives (usually having two platters inside); 12.5 mm-high drives, typically with three platters, are used for maximum capacity, but will not fit most laptop computers. Enterprise-class drives can have a height up to 15 mm. Seagate released a 7 mm drive ...
In 2010, hard-disk manufacturers introduced drives with 4,096‑byte sectors (Advanced Format). [3] For compatibility with legacy hardware and software, those drives include an emulation technology ( 512e ) that presents 512‑byte sectors to the entity accessing the hard drive, despite their underlying 4,096‑byte physical sectors. [ 4 ]
These new drives, dubbed by the press as the X25-M and X18-M G2 [7] [8] (or generation 2), reduced prices by up to 60 percent while offering lower latency and improved performance. [ 9 ] On February 1, 2010, Intel and Micron announced that they were gearing up for production of NAND flash memory using a new 25-nanometer process. [ 10 ]
2,361,183,241,434,822,606,848 bits (256 exbibytes) 3.4 × 10 21 bits (0.36 zettabytes) – amount of information that can be stored in 1 gram of DNA [17] 4.7 × 10 21 bits (0.50 zettabytes) – amount of digitally stored information in the world as of May 2009 [18] 4.8 × 10 21 bits (0.61 zettabytes) – total hard drive capacity shipped in ...
256 277.5 kiB 8 512 296 kiB IBM 43FD 2 26 128 481 kiB Diskette 2 [20] 15 256 555 kiB IBM 53FD Double 26 256 962 kiB MFM Diskette 2D [20] 15 512 1.08 MiB 8 1,024 1.16 MiB DEC RX01 8 inch Single 1 77 26 128 250 kB 360 FM DEC RX02 8 inch Double 1 77 26 256 500 kB 360 FM/MFM DEC RX50: 5 1 ⁄ 4 inch Quad 1 80 10 512 400 kB 300 MFM IBM PC ...
Many host computer hardware and software components assume the hard drive is configured around 512-byte sector boundaries. This includes a broad range of items including chipsets, operating systems, database engines, hard drive partitioning and imaging tools, backup and file system utilities as well as a small fraction of other software applications.
Two 2.5" external USB hard drives Seagate Hard Drive with a controller board to convert SATA to USB, FireWire, and eSATA Current external hard disk drives typically connect via USB-C; earlier models use USB-B (sometimes with using of a pair of ports for better bandwidth) or (rarely) eSATA connection. Variants using USB 2.0 interface generally ...
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