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The god Marduk and his dragon Mušḫuššu. Ancient Mesopotamian religion encompasses the religious beliefs (concerning the gods, creation and the cosmos, the origin of man, and so forth) and practices of the civilizations of ancient Mesopotamia, particularly Sumer, Akkad, Assyria and Babylonia between circa 6000 BC [1] and 400 AD.
Babylonian religion is the religious practice of Babylonia. Babylonia's mythology was largely influenced by its Sumerian counterparts and was written on clay tablets inscribed with the cuneiform script derived from Sumerian cuneiform. The myths were usually either written in Sumerian or Akkadian. Some Babylonian texts were translations into ...
Babylon was flourishing between the 18th and 6th centuries BCE under King Nebuchadnezzar II before its fall in 539 BCE to the persian empire. [3] Western interest in Babylon began to emerge in the 19th century, particularly after the decimperment of cuneiform in the mid-1800s, which allowed scholars to access ancient Mesopotamian texts.
This piece was thought to be recited in a ritual celebration of the Babylonian new year. It chronicles the birth of the gods, the world, and man, whose purpose was to serve the gods and lighten their work load. [2] The focus of the narrative is on praising Marduk, the patron god of Babylon, who creates the world, the calendar, and humanity.
Marduk (Cuneiform: 𒀭𒀫𒌓 ᵈAMAR.UTU; Sumerian: amar utu.k "calf of the sun; solar calf"; Hebrew: מְרֹדַךְ, Modern: Merōdaḵ, Tiberian: Mərōḏaḵ) is a god from ancient Mesopotamia and patron deity of Babylon who eventually rose to power in the 1st millennium BC.
Babylonian mathematical texts are plentiful and well edited. [52] In respect of time they fall in two distinct groups: one from the First Babylonian dynasty period (1830–1531 BC), the other mainly Seleucid from the last three or four centuries BC. In respect of content there is scarcely any difference between the two groups of texts.
Enlil, [a] later known as Elil and Ellil, is an ancient Mesopotamian god associated with wind, air, earth, and storms. [4] He is first attested as the chief deity of the Sumerian pantheon, [5] but he was later worshipped by the Akkadians, Babylonians, Assyrians, and Hurrians.
Kingu, also spelled Qingu (𒀭𒆥𒄖, d kin-gu, lit. ' unskilled laborer '), was a god in Babylonian mythology, and the son of the gods Abzu and Tiamat. [1] After the murder of his father, Apsu, he served as the consort of his mother, Tiamat, who wanted to establish him as ruler and leader of all gods before she was killed by Marduk.