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Aortic unfolding is an abnormality visible on a chest X-ray, that shows widening of the mediastinum which may mimic the appearance of a thoracic aortic aneurysm. [1]With aging, the ascending portion of the thoracic aorta increases in length by approximately 12% per decade, whereas the diameter increases by just 3% per decade.
Chest X-rays most sensitive finding is a widened mediastinum of greater than 8 cm. [4] An apical cap and displacement of the trachea to either side of the chest from midline can also be seen. [9] A normal chest X-ray, however, does not exclude a diagnosis of thoracic aortic injury. [ 4 ]
Aortopulmonary window (APW) is a faulty connection between the aorta and the main pulmonary artery that results in a significant left-to-right shunt. [2] The aortopulmonary window is the rarest of septal defects, accounting for 0.15-0.6% of all congenital heart malformations. [4]
Patients with aortic stenosis can have chest X-ray findings showing dilation of the ascending aorta, but they may also have a completely normal chest X-ray. [29] Direct visualization of calcifications on chest X-ray is uncommon. [29] Other findings include dilation of the left ventricle. [29]
A chest X-ray can also assist in the diagnosis and provide clues as to the severity of the disease, showing the degree of calcification of the valve, and in a chronic condition, an enlarged left ventricle [12] [24] and atrium. [12]
Chest X-ray: On chest X-ray (CXR), transposition of the great vessels typically shows a cardio-mediastinal silhouette appearing as an "egg on a string", in which the enlarged heart represents an egg on its side and the narrowed, atrophic thymus of the superior mediastinum represents the string. [4]
Chest trauma leading to aortic dissection can be divided into two groups based on cause: blunt chest trauma (commonly seen in car accidents) and iatrogenic. Iatrogenic causes include trauma during cardiac catheterization or due to an intra-aortic balloon pump. [citation needed] Aortic dissection may be a late sequela of heart surgery. About 18% ...
Often Mönckeberg's arteriosclerosis is discovered as an incidental finding in an X-ray radiograph, on mammograms, in autopsy, or in association with investigation of some other disease, such as diabetes mellitus or chronic kidney disease. The diagnosis is usually confirmed by a radiography result or an ultrasonography. [27]