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Panama is governed under the Constitution of Panama of 1972 as amended in 1978, 1983, 1993, 1994, and 2004. [1] This is Panama's fourth constitution, previous constitutions having been adopted in 1904, 1941, and 1946. The differences among these constitutions have been matters of emphasis and have reflected the political circumstances existing ...
The Public Ministry provided for in the Constitution has defended the interest of the state, fostered the enforcement and execution of laws, judicial decisions, and administrative orders, supervised the official conduct and the performance of duty of public officials, prosecuted offenses of constitutional or legal provisions, and served as legal adviser to administrative officials.
Human Rights in Panama include many ongoing concerns and changes. In recent years, Panama has posted notable improvements to its human rights record. It has committed to respect and protect human rights according to international standards as part of its obligations as a member of the United Nations and the Organization of American States (OAS).
The Constitution provides for freedom of religion, provided that "Christian morality and public order" are respected, and other laws and policies contributed to the generally free practice of religion. The law at all levels protects this right in full against abuse, either by governmental or private actors. [6]
The History of Panama. Greenwood Publishing. ISBN 978-0-313-33322-4. Mellander, Gustavo A., Mellander, Nelly, Charles Edward Magoon: The Panama Years. Río Piedras, Puerto Rico: Editorial Plaza Mayor. ISBN 1-56328-155-4. OCLC 42970390. (1999) Mellander, Gustavo A., The United States in Panamanian Politics: The Intriguing Formative Years."
A constitutional referendum was held in Panama on 24 April 1983. [1] Voters were asked whether they approved of a series of amendments to the 1972 constitution. A reported 87.8% voted in favour, with a turnout of 66.8%. [2]
Negotiations with Panama were accelerated by President Gerald R. Ford in mid-1975 but became deadlocked on four central issues: the duration of the treaty; the amount of canal revenues to go to Panama; the amount of territory United States military bases would occupy during the life of the treaty; and the United States demand for a renewable ...
A constitutional referendum was held in Panama on November 15, 1992. [1] Voters were asked whether they approved of a series of amendments to the 1972 constitution, including reducing the power of the armed forces. [2] Only 32.83% voted in favour of the reforms, with a turnout of 40%. [3]