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Panama is governed under the Constitution of Panama of 1972 as amended in 1978, 1983, 1993, 1994, and 2004. [1] This is Panama's fourth constitution, previous constitutions having been adopted in 1904, 1941, and 1946. The differences among these constitutions have been matters of emphasis and have reflected the political circumstances existing ...
The Public Ministry provided for in the Constitution has defended the interest of the state, fostered the enforcement and execution of laws, judicial decisions, and administrative orders, supervised the official conduct and the performance of duty of public officials, prosecuted offenses of constitutional or legal provisions, and served as legal adviser to administrative officials.
A constitutional referendum was held in Panama on 24 April 1983. [1] Voters were asked whether they approved of a series of amendments to the 1972 constitution. A reported 87.8% voted in favour, with a turnout of 66.8%. [2]
Panamanian nationality law is regulated by the 1972 Constitution, as amended by legislative acts; the Civil Code; migration statues, such as Law Decree No. 3 (Spanish: Decreto Ley No. 3) of 2008; and relevant treaties to which Panama is a signatory. [1] These laws determine who is, or is eligible to be, a citizen of Panama.
Subsequently, the new system was extended throughout the country, and in 1972 the 505-member National Assembly of Municipal Representatives met in Panama City to confirm Torrijos's role as head of government and to approve a new constitution. The new document greatly expanded governmental powers at the expense of civil liberties.
A constitutional referendum was held in Panama on 15 December 1940. [1] Voters were asked whether the new constitution should be enacted. A reported 99% voted in ...
Intervene in the granting of pardons for political crimes, reductions of sentences and conditional liberties to criminals of common crimes, as established in numeral 12 of article 184 of the Political Constitution. Coordinate the administration of custody centers for adults and adolescents deprived of liberty and develop resocialization policies.
FRENO often suffered from internal divisions, caused especially by varying attitudes toward participation in the electoral process. FRENO leaders termed the government a "dictatorship lacking respect for human rights." They also were opposed to the new Panama Canal treaties and called for their revision on terms more favorable to Panama. [4]