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The internal anal sphincter forms the walls of the anal canal. The internal anal sphincter is not under voluntary control, and in normal persons it is contracted at all times except when there is a need to defecate. This means that the internal anal sphincter contributes more to the resting tone of the anal canal than the external anal ...
External anal sphincter (EAS) dysfunction is associated with impaired voluntary control, whereas internal anal sphincter (IAS) dysfunction is associated with impaired fine-tuning of fecal control. [1] Defects of the external anal sphincter are associated with urge incontinence. [22] The external anal sphincter is supplied by the pudendal nerve.
Anal encirclement effectively supplements the anal sphincter, narrowing the anal canal and its barrier function to stool, without altering voluntary control. Since complications are common, and can be serious (fecal impaction, infection, erosion of encirclement through anal canal), modern surgeons prefer to perform colostomy.
Two sphincters control the exit of feces from the body during an act of defecation, which is the primary function of the anus. These are the internal anal sphincter and the external anal sphincter, which are circular muscles that normally maintain constriction of the orifice and which relax as required by normal physiological functioning. The ...
Surgery is most often successful for people who still have some control over their bowel movements. If the anal sphincter is damaged, surgery may correct the prolapse but not be able to completely correct fecal incontinence (lack of control of bowel movements). Fecal incontinence can both potentially improve or deteriorate after prolapse surgery.
The early control mechanisms of the anal sphincter are not well understood, however there is evidence that the foetus does defecate routinely into the amniotic cavity even in the absence of distress. The presence of fetal intestinal enzymes have been found in the amniotic fluid of women who are as early as 14–22 weeks pregnant.
This neurological problem can also result in reduced sensation of rectal filling and weakness of the anal sphincter because of weak muscular contraction so can cause stool leakage. [12] In patients with multiple sclerosis, constipation and fecal incontinence often coexist, and they can be acute, chronic or intermittent due to the fluctuating ...
The sutures are pulled up under tension and tied. The retracted ends of external sphincter muscle are now brought closer to the anterior midline of the anus. The ends of the sphincter are sutured together to perineal body. Two sutures are placed in the rectal fascia to lessen the tension on the sphincter ends.