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The Z-ordering can be used to efficiently build a quadtree (2D) or octree (3D) for a set of points. [4] [5] The basic idea is to sort the input set according to Z-order.Once sorted, the points can either be stored in a binary search tree and used directly, which is called a linear quadtree, [6] or they can be used to build a pointer based quadtree.
Matthias Kramm's gfxpoly, a free C library for 2D polygons (BSD license). Klaas Holwerda's Boolean, a C++ library for 2D polygons. David Kennison's Polypack, a FORTRAN library based on the Vatti algorithm. Klamer Schutte's Clippoly, a polygon clipper written in C++. Michael Leonov's poly_Boolean, a C++ library, which extends the Schutte algorithm.
If two attributes participate in ordering, it is sufficient to name only the major attribute. In the case of arrays, the attributes are the indices along each dimension. For matrices in mathematical notation, the first index indicates the row , and the second indicates the column , e.g., given a matrix A {\displaystyle A} , the entry a 1 , 2 ...
For example, say that student records consisting of name and class section are sorted dynamically, first by name, then by class section. If a stable sorting algorithm is used in both cases, the sort-by-class-section operation will not change the name order; with an unstable sort, it could be that sorting by section shuffles the name order ...
This is a list of two-dimensional geometric shapes in Euclidean and other geometries. For mathematical objects in more dimensions, see list of mathematical shapes. For a broader scope, see list of shapes.
An algorithm is fundamentally a set of rules or defined procedures that is typically designed and used to solve a specific problem or a broad set of problems.. Broadly, algorithms define process(es), sets of rules, or methodologies that are to be followed in calculations, data processing, data mining, pattern recognition, automated reasoning or other problem-solving operations.
Computing the convex hull means that a non-ambiguous and efficient representation of the required convex shape is constructed. The complexity of the corresponding algorithms is usually estimated in terms of n , the number of input points, and sometimes also in terms of h , the number of points on the convex hull.
Such a component or property is called a sort key. For example, the items are books, the sort key is the title, subject or author, and the order is alphabetical. A new sort key can be created from two or more sort keys by lexicographical order. The first is then called the primary sort key, the second the secondary sort key, etc.