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Anthropocentrism (/ ˌ æ n θ r oʊ p oʊ ˈ s ɛ n t r ɪ z əm /; [1] from Ancient Greek ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos) 'human' and κέντρον (kéntron) 'center') is the belief that human beings are the central or most important entity on the planet. [2]
Anthropocentrism is the privileging of humans as "subjects" over and against nonhuman beings as "objects". Philosophical anthropocentrism tends to limit certain attributes (e.g., mind, autonomy, moral agency, reason) to humans, while contrasting all other beings as variations of "object" (that is, things that obey deterministic laws, impulses, stimuli, instincts, and so on).
Consequentialism can also be contrasted with aretaic moral theories such as virtue ethics. Whereas consequentialist theories posit that consequences of action should be the primary focus of our thinking about ethics, virtue ethics insists that it is the character rather than the consequences of actions that should be the focal point.
Philosopher Theodore Schatzki suggests there are two varieties of posthumanism of the philosophical kind: [18]. One, which he calls "objectivism", tries to counter the overemphasis of the subjective, or intersubjective, that pervades humanism, and emphasises the role of the nonhuman agents, whether they be animals and plants, or computers or other things, because "Humans and nonhumans, it ...
Val Plumwood (11 August 1939 – 29 February 2008) was an Australian philosopher and ecofeminist known for her work on anthropocentrism.From the 1970s, she played a central role in the development of radical ecosophy.
Philosophy of psychology also closely monitors contemporary work conducted in cognitive neuroscience, cognitive psychology, and artificial intelligence, for example questioning whether psychological phenomena can be explained using the methods of neuroscience, evolutionary theory, and computational modeling, respectively.
Alice Crary (/ ˈ k r ɛər i /; born 1967) is an American philosopher who currently holds the positions of University Distinguished Professor at the Graduate Faculty, The New School for Social Research in New York City and Visiting Fellow at Regent's Park College, University of Oxford, U.K. (where she was Professor of Philosophy 2018–19).
Mary Beatrice Midgley (née Scrutton; 13 September 1919 – 10 October 2018) [2] was a British philosopher.A senior lecturer in philosophy at Newcastle University, she was known for her work on science, ethics and animal rights.