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Engine sheds in the UK were equipped with sand drying stoves, so that sandboxes could be refilled each morning with dry sand. Steam locomotives in the US had a single sandbox, called a sand dome, atop the boiler where the rising heat helped to dry the sand. Even with this arrangement, sand pipes tended to clog, and by the 1880s, pneumatic ...
Cutaway section of a steam dome, showing the regulator inside. The steam dome is a vessel fitted to the top of the boiler of a steam engine.It contains the opening to the main steam pipe and its purpose is to allow this opening to be kept well above the water level in the boiler.
Steam dome Collects steam at the top of the boiler (well above the water level) so that it can be fed to the engine via the main steam pipe, or dry pipe, and the regulator/throttle valve. [2] [5] [6]: 211–212 [3]: 26 Air pump / Air compressor Westinghouse pump (US+) Powered by steam, it compresses air for operating the train air brake system.
To increase the adhesion and improve performance, PRR enlarged the sand dome on the S1. It ensured the supply of sand for steam sanding and slightly increased the axle load above the first and second set axle. The S1 was partially de-skirted in 1942 to improve the visibility of the reciprocating parts for the crews and better operation. [25]
This photo of a Rio Grande Southern business-car train in the 1800s shows what the Ghost Town & Calico engines looked like in the 1800s (e.g., diamond stack, wooden pilot, box headlight, and trim on the sand dome and steam dome). The business car next to the engine is the "Rico," which is now at the Colorado Railroad Museum. The other business ...
A drawing design of the N&W class J locomotive. In the late 1930s, the Norfolk and Western Railway's (N&W) K2 and K2a 4-8-2 "Mountains" could not handle the rising passenger traffic after the Great Depression abated, so the N&W opted for a more powerful and fancy-looking passenger steam locomotive.
Early models are noted for their semi-streamlined appearance, with the feedwater heater positioned between the sand dome and chimney and enclosed in a long casing. This design earned the nickname "Slug" (ナメクジ, Namekuji). Two locomotives, D51 22 and 23, had an extended casing reaching the cab, referred to as "Super Slug" or "Big Slug."
A drawing design of the N&W class J locomotive. After the outbreak of World War II, the Norfolk and Western Railway's (N&W) mechanical engineering team developed a new locomotive—the streamlined class J 4-8-4 Northern—to handle rising mainline passenger traffic over the Blue Ridge Mountains, especially on steep grades in Virginia and West Virginia.