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Legal capacity is a quality denoting either the legal aptitude of a person to have rights and liabilities (in this sense also called transaction capacity), or altogether the personhood itself in regard to an entity other than a natural person (in this sense also called legal personality).
Capacity in English law refers to the ability of a contracting party to enter into legally binding relations. If a party does not have the capacity to do so, then subsequent contracts may be invalid; however, in the interests of certainty , there is a prima facie presumption that both parties hold the capacity to contract.
In law, individual capacity is a term of art referring to one's status as a natural person, distinct from any other role. [ 1 ] For example, an officer , employee or agent of a corporation , acting "in their individual capacity" is acting as an individual, rather than as an agent of the corporation.
In the common law tradition, testamentary capacity is the legal term of art used to describe a person's legal and mental ability to make or alter a valid will. This concept has also been called sound mind and memory or disposing mind and memory .
In criminal law, diminished responsibility (or diminished capacity) is a potential defense by excuse by which defendants argue that although they broke the law, they should not be held fully criminally liable for doing so, as their mental functions were "diminished" or impaired.
For a typical example of the concept of legal person in a civil law jurisdiction, under the General Principles of Civil Law of the People's Republic of China, Chapter III, Article 36., "A legal person shall be an organization that has capacity for civil rights and capacity for civil conduct and independently enjoys civil rights and assumes ...
(Scots law) person not having capacity (mental, legal, or otherwise). [ɪnˈkapaks] indignus (heres) unworthy heir Unworthy beneficiary or heir, who is precluded from inheriting because his conduct makes him unworthy, in a legal sense, to take in the deceased's estate. infans: infant
Capacity building, strengthening the skills, competencies and abilities of developing societies; Productive capacity, the maximum possible output of an economy; Capacity management, a process used to manage information technology in business; Capacity utilization, the extent to which an enterprise or a nation uses its theoretical productive ...