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  2. 256-bit computing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/256-bit_computing

    SHA-256 hash function. Smart contracts use 256- or 257-bit integers; 256-bit words for the Ethereum Virtual Machine. "We realize that a 257 bits byte is quite unusual, but for smart contracts it is ok to have at least 256 bits numbers. The leading VM for smart contracts, Ethereum VM, introduced this practice and other blockchain VMs followed." [8]

  3. Secure Hash Algorithms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Hash_Algorithms

    SHA-2: A family of two similar hash functions, with different block sizes, known as SHA-256 and SHA-512. They differ in the word size; SHA-256 uses 32-bit words where SHA-512 uses 64-bit words. There are also truncated versions of each standard, known as SHA-224, SHA-384, SHA-512/224 and SHA-512/256. These were also designed by the NSA.

  4. Cryptographic hash function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_hash_function

    SHA-2 basically consists of two hash algorithms: SHA-256 and SHA-512. SHA-224 is a variant of SHA-256 with different starting values and truncated output. SHA-384 and the lesser-known SHA-512/224 and SHA-512/256 are all variants of SHA-512. SHA-512 is more secure than SHA-256 and is commonly faster than SHA-256 on 64-bit machines such as AMD64.

  5. Orders of magnitude (data) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders_of_magnitude_(data)

    1,024 bits (128 bytes) - RAM capacity of the Atari 2600: 1,288 bits (161 bytes) – approximate maximum capacity of a standard magnetic stripe card: 2 11: 2,048 bits (256 bytes) – RAM capacity of the stock Altair 8800: 2 12: 4,096 bits (512 bytes) – typical sector size, and minimum space allocation unit on computer storage volumes, with ...

  6. Black & White (video game) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_&_White_(video_game)

    Black & White is a god video game developed by Lionhead Studios and published by Electronic Arts for Microsoft Windows in 2001 and by Feral Interactive in 2002 for Mac OS. Black & White combines elements of artificial life and strategy. The player acts as a god whose goal is to defeat Nemesis, another god who wants to take over the world.

  7. Hash function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_function

    Zobrist hashing was originally introduced as a means of compactly representing chess positions in computer game-playing programs. A unique random number was assigned to represent each type of piece (six each for black and white) on each space of the board. Thus a table of 64×12 such numbers is initialized at the start of the program.

  8. SHA-2 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-2

    SHA-2 (Secure Hash Algorithm 2) is a set of cryptographic hash functions designed by the United States National Security Agency (NSA) and first published in 2001. [3] [4] They are built using the Merkle–Damgård construction, from a one-way compression function itself built using the Davies–Meyer structure from a specialized block cipher.

  9. Comparison of cryptographic hash functions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of...

    SHA-256 SHA-384 SHA-512: 2002 SHA-224: 2004 SHA-3 (Keccak) 2008 Guido Bertoni Joan Daemen Michaël Peeters Gilles Van Assche: RadioGatún: Website Specification: Streebog: 2012 FSB, InfoTeCS JSC RFC 6986: Tiger: 1995 Ross Anderson Eli Biham: Website Specification: Whirlpool: 2004 Vincent Rijmen Paulo Barreto: Website