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Octane is a hydrocarbon and an alkane with the chemical formula C 8 H 18, and the condensed structural formula CH 3 (CH 2) 6 CH 3. Octane has many structural isomers that differ by the location of branching in the carbon chain. One of these isomers, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (commonly called iso-octane), is used as one of the standard values in ...
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane, also known as isooctane or iso-octane, is an organic compound with the formula (CH 3) 3 CCH 2 CH(CH 3) 2. It is one of several isomers of octane (C 8 H 18 ). This particular isomer is the standard 100 point on the octane rating scale (the zero point is n -heptane ).
Octane rating is measured relative to a mixture of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (an isomer of octane) and n-heptane. There are different conventions for expressing octane ratings, so the same physical fuel may have several different octane ratings based on the measure used. One of the best known is the research octane number (RON).
Molecular Formula Name of straight chain Synonyms 1 1 1 CH 4: methane: methyl hydride; natural gas 2 1 1 C 2 H 6: ethane: dimethyl; ethyl hydride; methyl methane 3 1 1 C 3 H 8: propane: dimethyl methane; propyl hydride 4 2 2 C 4 H 10: n-butane: butyl hydride; methylethyl methane 5 3 3 C 5 H 12: n-pentane: amyl hydride; Skellysolve A 6 5 5 C 6 H ...
Octane isomers such as n-octane and 2,3,3-trimethylpentane have an octane rating of -20 and 106.1, respectively (RON measurement). [89] The large differences between the octane ratings for the isomers show that the compound octane itself is clearly not the only factor that determines octane ratings, especially for commercial fuels consist of a ...
Catalytic reforming is a chemical process used to convert naphthas from crude oil into liquid products called reformates, which are premium "blending stocks" for high-octane gasoline. The process converts low-octane linear hydrocarbons (paraffins) into branched alkanes (isoparaffins) and cyclic naphthenes , which are then partially ...
Furthermore, the range of molecular mass between hydrocarbons (or different carbon numbers) is defined by the requirements for the product, such as the freezing point or smoke point. Kerosene -type jet fuel (including Jet A and Jet A-1, JP-5, and JP-8) has a carbon number distribution between about 8 and 16 (carbon atoms per molecule); wide-cut ...
The bridged bicyclic norbornane, formally bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane The spirocyclic compound spiro[5.5]undecane DABCO (1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane) is often incorrectly depicted with one skewed ethylene group for the sake of clarity. A bicyclic molecule (from bi 'two' and cycle 'ring') is a molecule that features two joined rings. [1]