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There are over 520 native languages spoken in Nigeria. [1] [2] [3] The official language is English, [4] [5] which was the language of Colonial Nigeria.The English-based creole Nigerian Pidgin – first used by the British and African slavers to facilitate the Atlantic slave trade in the late 17th century [6] – is the most common lingua franca, spoken by over 60 million people.
Enwang (Enwan) and Uda are a Lower Cross River language of Nigeria. The two varieties are quite distinct. Uda was the subject of a month-long intensive field methods course through CoLang (the Institute on Collaborative Language Research) in 2012 at the University of Kansas. The course relied on two native speakers from Nigeria. [citation needed]
Karai-karai (Francophonic spelling: Karekare, Kerrikerri, Ajami: كاراي-كاراي) [2] is a language spoken in West Africa, most prominently North eastern Nigeria.The number of speakers of Karai-karai is estimated between 1,500,000 to 1,800,000 million, primarily spoken by the ethnic Karai-Karai people.
Esan is a tonal Edoid language of Nigeria. Dictionaries and grammar texts of the Esan language are being produced. There are many dialects, including Ogwa, Ẹkpoma (Ekuma), Ebhossa (okhuesan) (Ewossa), Ewohimi, Ewu, Ewatto, Ebelle, Igueben, Irrua, Ohordua, Uromi, Uzea, Ubiaja and Ugboha. [2]
Nigerian Pidgin, also known simply as Pidgin or Broken (Broken English) or as Naijá in scholarship, is an English-based creole language spoken as a lingua franca across Nigeria. The language is sometimes referred to as Pijin or Vernacular .
Genetically, Goemai has been consistently classified as a member of the Afro-Asiatic language family in the West Chadic A language sub-family. [2]: 1 [3] [6] There have been attempts to apply more specific genetic classifications to Goemai beyond its membership in the West Chadic A language family, but these attempts have not reached a consensus.
Kalabari is an Ijo language of Nigeria spoken in Rivers State and Bayelsa State by the Awome people. [3] Its three dialects are mutually intelligible. [citation needed] The Kalabari dialect (Kalabari proper) is one of the best-documented varieties of Ijo, and as such is frequently used as the prime example of Ijo in linguistic literature.
Guosa is an isolating language with subject–verb–object word order. Most grammatical meaning is expressed through particles that precede the words they modify, such as é (plural), ng ( present progressive ), lá ( perfective aspect ), and kà ( volitive ).