Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
This network of unstrained covalent bonds makes diamond extremely strong. Diamond is thermodynamically less stable than graphite at pressures below 1.7 GPa. [5] [6] [7] The dominant industrial use of diamond is cutting, drilling , grinding (diamond edged cutters), and polishing. Most uses of diamonds in these technologies do not require large ...
It is a cage-like fused-ring structure which resembles a rugby ball, made of 25 hexagons and 12 pentagons, with a carbon atom at the vertices of each polygon and a bond along each polygon edge. A related fullerene molecule, named buckminsterfullerene (or C 60 fullerene) consists of 60 carbon atoms.
In 2013 researchers discovered that asymmetrical fullerenes formed from larger structures settle into stable fullerenes. The synthesized substance was a particular metallofullerene consisting of 84 carbon atoms with two additional carbon atoms and two yttrium atoms inside the cage.
Fullerenes can react with halogens. The preferred pattern for addition C 60 is calculated to be 1,9- for small groups and 1,7- for bulky groups. C 60 F 60 is a possible structure. C 60 reacts with Cl 2 gas at 250 °C to a material with average composition C 60 Cl 24, although only C 60 can be detected by mass spectrometry. [14]
Besides unfilled fullerenes, endohedral metallofullerenes develop with different cage sizes like La@C 60 or La@C 82 and as different isomer cages. Aside from the dominant presence of mono-metal cages, numerous di-metal endohedral complexes and the tri-metal carbide fullerenes like Sc 3 C 2 @C 80 were also isolated. In 1999 a discovery drew ...
Graphite and the mica group of silicate minerals structurally consist of continuous two-dimensional sheets covalently bonded within the layer, with other bond types holding the layers together. [3] Disordered network solids are termed glasses. These are typically formed on rapid cooling of melts so that little time is left for atomic ordering ...
Fullerenes are a class of carbon allotropes that were first discovered in 1985 and are also an example of macromolecular cages. Buckminsterfullerene (C 60 ) and the 60 atoms of this molecule are arranged in a cage-like structure and the framework resembles a soccer ball; the molecule has an icosahedral symmetry.
The names fullerene and buckyball are given after Richard Buckminster Fuller, popularizer of geodesic domes, which resemble the structure of fullerenes. The buckyballs are fairly large molecules formed completely of carbon bonded trigonally, forming spheroids (the best-known and simplest is the soccerball-shaped C 60 buckminsterfullerene ). [ 31 ]