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The mesothorax is the middle of the three segments of the thorax of hexapods, and bears the second pair of legs. Its principal sclerites (exoskeletal plates) are the mesonotum ( dorsal ), the mesosternum ( ventral ), and the mesopleuron ( lateral ) on each side.
The insect thorax has three segments: the prothorax, mesothorax, and metathorax. The anterior segment, closest to the head, is the prothorax; its major features are the first pair of legs and the pronotum. The middle segment is the mesothorax; its major features are the second pair of legs and the anterior wings, if any.
It is formed by the prothorax, mesothorax and metathorax and comprises the scutellum; the cervix, a membrane that separates the head from the thorax; and the pleuron, a lateral sclerite of the thorax. In dragonflies and damselflies, the mesothorax and metathorax are fused together to form the synthorax. [1] [2]
The mesothorax is evolved to have more powerful muscles to propel moth or butterfly through the air, with the wing of said segment having a stronger vein structure. [ 33 ] : 560 The largest superfamily, Noctuidae , has the wings modified to act as tympanal or hearing organs [ 50 ] Modifications in the wing's venation include: [ 49 ]
The thorax consists of three segments – the hindmost two, the mesothorax and metathorax, being fused. Each segment bears a pair of legs which usually terminate in a single claw. The legs are robust and often clad in bristles, hairs or spines. Wing pads develop on the mesothorax, and in some species, hindwing pads develop on the metathorax. [5]
The labrum is a flat extension of the head (below the clypeus), covering the mandibles. Unlike other mouthparts, the labrum is a single, fused plate (though it originally was—and embryonically is—two structures).
Bodianus mesothorax, the split-level hogfish, blackbelt hogfish, black-belt hogfish, coral hogfish, eclipse hogfish, eclipse pigfish, mesothorax hogfish or yellow-spotted hogfish, [3] is a species of wrasse native to the western Pacific Ocean and the eastern Indian Ocean.
Tegula (insect anatomy), a part of the wings attached to the mesothorax, in various insects Tegula (primate anatomy) , claw-like nails found in New World monkeys Imbrex and tegula , interlocking roofing tiles used in ancient Greek and Roman architecture